January 2020 – Page 543

What is res ipsa loquitur in healthcare?

Literally, “res ipsa loquitur” is Latin for “the thing speaks for itself.” In a medical malpractice context, the res ipsa doctrine refers to cases in which the doctor’s treatment was so far below the appropriate standard of care that negligence is assumed.

What is res ipsa loquitur and how is it applied in the context of healthcare?

For res ipsa loquitur to apply to a claim that the physician operated on the wrong part of the patient’s body, the evidence must establish that the doctor intentionally operated on the wrong part of the body under the mistaken impression that he or she was operating on the correct part of the body.

How does res ipsa loquitur and respondeat superior relate to malpractice and negligence?

Legal doctrines associated with malpractice include respondeat superior, which places ultimate liability with a superior or employer; proximate cause, which states that the professional’s negligence resulted in injury; and res ipsa loquitur, which allows malpractice to be proved without expert testimony.

When can res ipsa loquitur be applied?

The doctrine of res ipsa loquitur lets an injured person present a prima facie case of negligence even when there is no specific evidence that the defendant party was negligent, or when only the defendant has access to the evidence of negligence.

Does res ipsa apply to medical malpractice?

Many states have limited the use of res ipsa loquitur in medical malpractice litigation, usually to claims such as a surgeon’s leaving a foreign body in the patient or operating on the wrong patient. In all other cases, the plaintiff must present expert testimony as to standard of care and its breach.

What does res ipsa loquitur mean and give an example of this?

Definition. Latin for “the thing speaks for itself.”

In which type s of cases would res ipsa loquitur most commonly be used?

Medical malpractice
Medical malpractice is the most common type of case where res ipsa loquitur is used, but it can also be used in other types of injury cases.

What type of tort is res ipsa loquitur?

Res ipsa loquitur (Latin: “the thing speaks for itself”) is a doctrine in the Anglo-American common law and Roman-Dutch law that says in a tort or civil lawsuit a court can infer negligence from the very nature of an accident or injury in the absence of direct evidence on how any defendant behaved.

Where did the meteor that killed the dinosaurs hit?

the Chicxulub crater
The giant asteroid, believed to be the size of Mount Everest, smashed into the Earth at a point now known as the Chicxulub crater.

What caused the asteroid that killed the dinosaurs?

In January 2020, scientists reported that climate-modeling of the extinction event favors the asteroid impact and not volcanism. Other causal or contributing factors to the extinction may have been the Deccan Traps and other volcanic eruptions, climate change, and sea level change.

What were the effects of this asteroid collision on Earth?

This meteorite impact affected the Earth system in many ways, including: Temporarily heating the surface of the Earth to several hundred degrees Celsius from the friction of airborne particles that had been ejected into orbit by the impact as they fell back to Earth.

Did they find the asteroid that killed the dinosaurs?

The crater was discovered by Antonio Camargo and Glen Penfield, geophysicists who had been looking for petroleum in the Yucatán Peninsula during the late 1970s….Chicxulub crater.

Impact crater/structure
Depth	20 km (12 mi)
Impactor diameter	10 kilometers (6.2 mi)
Age	66.043 ± 0.043 Ma Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary
Exposed	No

How big was the asteroid in don’t look up?

A 65-foot-wide asteroid breaking up over Chelyabinsk, Russia, in February 2013 released the equivalent energy of a modern nuclear weapon. About 50 percent of that energy went into an atmospheric blast wave, Lubin and Cohen write, that injured more than 1,500 people on the ground.

What is the most likely result of a large asteroid hitting Earth?

If the asteroid hits on land, there would be a huge amount of dust thrown up into the atmosphere. If it hits in water, then there would be an increase in water vapor in the atmosphere. This would result in an increase in rain resulting in landslides and mudslides.

How big of an asteroid would it take to destroy the earth?

Ultimately, scientists estimate that an asteroid would have to be about 96 km (60 miles) wide to completely and utterly wipe out life on our planet.

How big of a comet would it take to destroy Earth?

If the comet is 10 kilometers across or larger (that is, if the impact carries an energy of more than about 100 million megatons), the resulting global environmental damage will be so extensive that it will lead to a mass extinction, in which most life forms die.

What Meteor killed the dinosaurs?

What Killed The Dinosaurs? It was widely believed that an asteroid from the belt between Mars and Jupiter slammed into the planet, causing devastation that wiped out most life on the planet, leading to the extinction of the dinosaurs. As a result of Jupiter’s gravity, the comet entered the solar system.

What was the asteroid that killed dinosaurs?

Scientists have determined the likely origin of the dinosaur-killing asteroid that brought about their extinction and killed three quarters of all life here on Earth. This asteroid is officially known as the Chicxulub impactor and it struck the Earth 66 million years ago.

Were dinosaurs doomed before the asteroid hit?

Researchers have reason to believe dinosaurs were already doomed before the legendary asteroid landed. The big rock that collided into what is now the Yucatan Peninsula may have just allowed the dinosaurs a more memorable end, according to a new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

How big asteroid that killed dinosaurs?

The asteroid that killed the dinosaurs was a small asteroid that was about 10 to 15 kilometers wide. It was relatively fast, and it created a massive crater that is now the second largest on Earth. It would have thrown up massive amounts of debris that would have buried most of the continents.

What is the difference between Taken 2 and uncut Taken 2?

The Unrated Version shows in a short close-up shot how the neck falls on the edge and cracks. The Theatrical Version is more harmless and also does not include a sound. No difference in time.

What is in the taken unrated version?

For its DVD release, “Taken” is offered in two forms: an “Unrated Cut” (93:18), and the “Theatrical Version” (90:48). The difference between the two cuts is hardly drastic, with the Unrated Cut restoring the violence that would’ve jeopardized the softer American rating.

Are there 2 versions of taken?

Alternate Versions (2) The UK theatrical cut is the same as the International Cut except for the torture scene, which was replaced with the PG-13 version to secure a 15 certificate. In the PG-13 version, clamps are attached to the chair.

Whats the difference between Saw and saw extended version?

The Saw I + II steelbook edition includes what is labeled the “U.S. Director’s Cut” of “Saw”. This version also replaces the logos (new Lionsgate logo and the Twisted Pictures logo instead of Evolution Management logo) at the beginning and removes some moments between Adam and Dr. Gordon at the end of the film.

Is taken on Netflix?

Watch all you want.

How many versions of Saw are there?

Nine films have been made in the franchise. The success of the films has influenced such products as Saw: The Video Game, which was published by Konami in 2009 and released before the sixth film. Other products include a comic book, Saw: Rebirth, which was released before the second film.

Is there a third series of Taken?

Taken has been cancelled so there won’t be a third season.

Why is the uncut version of the movie taken censored?

Later, the uncut version was put out on DVD and Blu-ray, being advertised as Harder Cut . In the US there’s a similar situation. Taken would have clearly received an R-rating by the MPAA so it had to be censored in order to secure the PG-13 rating which was financially more attractive.

What is movie censorship regulation?

Movie Censorship regulation will take length, content, and subject matter into consideration with regard to enacting any or all alteration of banning.

What was the first state to pass movie censorship laws?

Several cities and states sought to curb the moral influence of movies through censorship laws. Chicago passed the first such ordinance in 1907, while Pennsylvania became the first state to enact movie censorship in 1911. These laws grew in popularity after the Supreme Court’s decision in the Mutual Film Corp. case.

What determines whether a video will be subject to censorship?

Furthermore, the respective classification of a movie – comprising the innate nature of the movies’ content and subject matter – will typically determine whether or not those videos will be subject to censorship:

What is SAM function?

In bacteria, SAM is bound by the SAM riboswitch, which regulates genes involved in methionine or cysteine biosynthesis. In eukaryotic cells, SAM serves as a regulator of a variety of processes including DNA, tRNA, and rRNA methylation; immune response; amino acid metabolism; transsulfuration; and more.

Is SAM a protein?

Radical SAM proteins catalyze diverse reactions, including unusual methylations, isomerization, sulfur insertion, ring formation, anaerobic oxidation and protein radical formation. They function in DNA precursor, vitamin, cofactor, antibiotic and herbicide biosynthesis and in biodegradation pathways.

Is SAM an oxidizing agent?

A recently discovered superfamily of enzymes function using chemically novel mechanisms, in which S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) serves as an oxidizing agent in DNA repair and the biosynthesis of vitamins, coenzymes and antibiotics.

What is the full form of SAM in chemistry?

S-adenosyl methionine (SAM): A cofactor whose molecular structure features an adenosine group bonded to the sulfur of methionine. A biological methylator.

Is SAMe an amino acid?

SAMe is sold in the United States as a dietary supplement. SAMe was discovered in the early 1950s. It’s made in the body from methionine, an amino acid found in foods. It has been found to regulate key functions in living cells.

How is S-Adenosylmethionine metabolized?

S-Adenosylhomocysteine is metabolized rapidly to homocysteine, which may be converted to cystathionine in a reaction that requires pyridoxal phosphate (vitamin B-6) as a cofactor. This is the first step of the transsulfuration pathway that ultimately leads to the synthesis of glutathione, a major cellular antioxidant.

What is the SAM SAH ratio?

The ratio of SAM:SAH is frequently used as an indicator of cellular methylation capacity, whereby a decrease in this ratio predicts reduced cellular methylation potential (11–13). Folate is integrally involved in both substrate synthesis and product removal via its role in methionine synthesis from Hcy.

What is self commutation?

A self-commutated inverter is one in which the means of commutation is included within the inverter itself. This is the case for circuits including electronic power switches with turn-off capability. Thus, a bipolar transistor, GTO thyristor, or power FET inverter is self-commutated.

Is IGBT self-commutated?

However, the ratings of self-commutating switches such as the Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) and Integrated Gate-Commutated Thyristor (IGCT), are reaching levels that make the technology possible for very high power applications.

What is self commutation in power electronics?

This is also known as Self Commutation by Resonating the Load or simply the Resonant Commutation. In this commutation, the source of commutation voltage is in the load. The commutating components are L and C and the Capacitor can be connected either in parallel or in series with the load resistance RL as shown below.

What is a forced commutated inverter?

In general, a forced commutation circuit consists of an oscillatory LC circuit, which can be considered as a voltage or current source in relation to the thyristor. The commutating voltage or current source can be introduced either in series with the thyristor or in parallel across it by means of some auxiliary device.

What is self commutation thyristor?

Class A: Self or Load Commutation Class A is also called as “Self-Commutation” and it is one of the most used technique among all Thyristor commutation technique. In the below circuit, the inductor, capacitor and resistor form a second order under damp circuit.

What are types of commutation?

Forced commutation is divided into six categories, which are explained below:

Class A: Self or Load Commutation.
Class B: Resonant-Pulse Commutation.
Class C: Complementary Commutation.
Class D:
Class E: External Pulse Commutation.

What is the meaning of the letters IGBT?

Igbt definition (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) A power transistor that has characteristics of both MOSFET and bipolar junction transistors (BJTs). Introduced in the 1980s, the IGBT handles high current, a characteristic of BJTs, but enables fast switching with greater ease of control.

What is commutation technique?

Commutation techniques of thyristors are classified, based on. ↳ the manner in which anode current is. reduced to zero.

Can be used as a DC static switch?

Explanation: Both GTO and transistor can be used as a dc static switch.

What is thyristor communication?

Natural Commutation When a positive cycle reaches to zero and the anode current is zero, immediately a reverse voltage (negative cycle) is applied across the Thyristor which causes the Thyristor to turn OFF. A Natural Commutation occurs in AC Voltage Controllers, Cycloconverters, and Phase Controlled Rectifiers.

What are self-commutated switches in PSIM?

PSIM (an electronic circuit simulation software package) classifies GTO, IGBT, MOSFET as self-commutated switches. However, I couldn’t find a clear definition of this. There are four basic types of switches in PSIM: Bi-directional switches (SSWI) Switch models are ideal. That is, both turn-on and turn-off transients are neglected.

What does it mean for a diode to be self commutated?

In this context self-commutated means “can be commutated on or off independently of the load current” A diode commutates itself depending on the polarity of the current flow, but if the diode is ON, you can’t shut it off without changing the direction of the current flow.

What are line commutating facts?

Line commutating FACTS devices (diodes, thyristors) are slow commutating devices are that usually commutated based upon the phase voltage & are naturally commutation by the increase in forward voltage. Most of the HVDC systems in operation today are based on line-commutated converters (LCC).

When can a self-commutated element be shut off?

Self-commutated elements may be shut off anytime, given the current has an alternative path, e.g. through a commutation (freewheeling) diode or another active element.

How many members are there in Kara Kpop?

Kara consisted of 4 members: Gyuri, Seungyeon, Hara and Youngji.

What happened to Sojin?

On February 24, 2015, contestant Ahn So-jin was found to have died from apparent suicide one month after DSP ended their contract with her. She had been a trainee for five years before participating in Kara Project.

Who is visual in Kara?

Hara
Members

Name	Position(s)	Year(s) active
Hara (하라)	Main Dancer, Vocalist, Visual, Face of the Group	2008–2016
Nicole (니콜)	Main Rapper, Main Dancer, Vocalist	2007–2014
Jiyoung (지영)	Vocalist, Maknae	2008–2014
Youngji (영지)	Lead Dancer, Rapper, Vocalist, Maknae	2014–2016

Is Kara still active?

Kara (Hangul: 카라, Japanese: カラ, often stylized as KARA) /ˈkɑːrə/ was a South Korean pop girl group formed by DSP Media in 2007….Kara (South Korean group)

Kara
Origin	Seoul, South Korea
Genres	K-pop, J-pop
Years active	2007–2016
Labels	DSP

What is KARA in Boruto?

Garō Momoshiki Ōtsutsuki. Kara is an organization in Boruto: Naruto Next Generations. They are an organization motivated to get back the vessel that had escaped from them.

Who is the strongest in Kara?

Here are all the known Kara members ranked by their strength.

1 Jigen. The leader of Kara, Jigen tops the list as their strongest members and rightfully so.
2 Delta. Unarguably, the spot of the second strongest in Kara goes to Delta.
3 Kashin Koji.
4 Boro.
5 Code.
6 Amado.
7 Victor.
8 Ao.

What are Kara fans called?

Kamilia
The official fanclub of KARA is called Kamilia (카밀리아), a combination of KARA and familia, a word for family.

Is Go Ara full Korean?

Go Ara (Korean: 고아라; born February 11, 1990) is a South Korean actress and model.

Where is Goo Hara buried?

November 27, 2019Goo Hara / Date of burial

Who are inners in Boruto?

Here are all the known Inners of Kara, ranked according to how powerful they are.

7 Victor.
6 Amado.
5 Boro.
4 Code.
3 Delta.
2 Kashin Koji.
1 Jigen.

Who are the members of Kara Kara?

Kara consisted of 4 members: Gyuri, Seungyeon, Hara and Youngji. Kara debuted in 2007 under DSP Media. Kara disbanded on January 14, 2016. Kara Fandom Name: Kamilia

When did Kara debut in Kara?

Kara debuted in 2007 under DSP Media. Kara disbanded on January 14, 2016. – She was born in Seoul, South Korea. – She is forgetful, she often forgets things from the past and also the lyrics of her favorite songs.

Who is Youngji from Kara Project?

– Youngji joined the group on July 1, 2014, after winning first place on Kara Project. – She has a sister. – She’s good at cooking and she loves eating salad wraps.

Why did Hara leave Kara?

Show more Hara fun facts… – She officially left Kara on 29 February 2008 upon her father’s wish. She wanted to focus on school, as it was a promise to her parents. – She is very honest, that’s why she hates people who tell lies the most.

How much does a PA in CT make?

The average salary for a physician assistant is $122,545 per year in Connecticut. 67 salaries reported, updated at April 28, 2022.

What is the highest paying PA specialty?

Cardiothoracic/Vascular Surgery (CV) With salaries averaging $125,425 a year, these PA’s top the list of highest paying physician assistant specialties.

What is the highest-paid PA salary?

A: The lowest-paid 10% of physician assistants earned $76,700 in 2020, the median salary was $115,390 and the highest-paid 10% brought in $162,470.

How much do surgical assistants make in PA?

How much does a Surgical Assistant make in Pennsylvania? The average Surgical Assistant salary in Pennsylvania is $122,760 as of April 26, 2022, but the range typically falls between $108,680 and $135,110.

How much does a PA make an hour in CT?

Finally, the most experienced physician assistants in the country collected an average annual salary of $134,700 and an average hourly wage of $64.77, while those working in Connecticut earned an even higher average annual salary of $145,200 and an average hourly wage of $69.83.

How do I become a surgical tech in PA?

In order to become a surgical technician in Pennsylvania you will need to complete an accredited surgical tech program. Surgical tech programs are accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP) as well as the Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools (ABHES).

How much does a surgery tech make?

$51,510 per year
What is the average salary for a surgical technologist? According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the average annual salary for surgical technologists in 2020 was $51,510 per year ($24.77 per hour), with the top 10 percent earning more than $73,100.

What is a liveable salary in CT?

Living Wage Calculation for Hartford County, Connecticut

	1 ADULT	2 ADULTS (BOTH WORKING)
	0 Children	2 Children
Living Wage	$18.72	$26.15
Poverty Wage	$6.19	$6.37
Minimum Wage	$14.00	$14.00

Is it cheaper to live in CT or MA?

The cost of living in Boston, MA is 31.6% higher than in Hartford, CT. You would have to earn a salary of $78,943 to maintain your current standard of living. Employers in Boston, MA typically pay 4.8% more than employeers in Hartford, CT.

What did Philip Kotler say about marketing?

As Philip Kotler explains in his book Marketing Management, “Marketing is an administrative and social process through which individuals and groups obtain what they need and desire by the generation, offering and exchange of valuable products with their equals”.

What is Philip Kotler theory?

Philip Kotler, an economist, devised a model that recognises customers have five levels of need, ranging from functional or core needs to emotional needs. The model also recognises that products are merely a means to satisfy customers’ varying needs or wants.

What do you mean by concepts advertising?

The marketing concept is the use of marketing data to focus on the needs and wants of customers in order to develop marketing strategies that not only satisfy the needs of the customers but also the accomplish the goals of the organization.

What are the major concepts of advertising?

Advertising is planned based on a communication objectives. Although advertising is part of the marketing process, its objective is always one of communicating, whether the aim is to inform, to persuade, to remind, or to reinforce a message.

When did Peter Drucker define marketing?

1973
Drucker on Selling and Marketing In Management (1973), he wrote, “There will always, one can assume, be a need for some selling. But the aim of marketing is to make selling superfluous. The aim of marketing is to know and understand the customer so well that the product or service fits him and sells itself.”

Why is Philip Kotler the father of marketing?

He pushed for marketing to become a discipline back in the 1960s. Kotler believed marketing was an essential part of economics and saw that demand was influenced not only by price but also by advertising, promotions, sales forces, direct mail, middlemen and distribution channels.

What is advertising according to Philip Kotler?

Philip Kotler: “Advertising is any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of goods, services, or ideas by an identified sponsor.” 4. Frank Presbrey: “Advertising is a printed, written, oral and illustrated art of selling.

What is high concept?

High concept is a type of artistic work that can be easily pitched with a succinctly stated premise. It can be contrasted with low concept, which is more concerned with character development and other subtleties that are not as easily summarized.

How do high-concept TV series and movies advertise?

High-concept television series and movies often rely on pre-sold properties such as movie stars to build audience anticipation, and they might use cross-promotional advertising campaigns with links to a soundtrack, music videos, and licensed merchandise such as DVD box sets.

What do agents mean when they say “high concept”?

When an agent says they want high concept, they’re looking for an idea that can be captured in just a title and a brief, pithy tagline-and from that brief description, will immediately attract interest.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GqPQOImsjLA

Where is my Photoshop Elements serial number?

If you have the product packaging or a redemption code The prepaid card contains a code you use to obtain your serial number and download your product. You’ll find this code beneath the scratch-off foil on the back of the card.

How old is Photoshop Elements 7?

Versions

Version	Windows	Corresponding Dates
7	October 2008	CS4 (September 23, 2008)
8	September 2009	N/A
9	September 2010	CS5 (April 30, 2010)
10	September 2011	N/A

How do I redeem Photoshop Elements?

Install Elements products purchased from Amazon

Open your Amazon account.
Go to Your Orders, and select Order Details.
Select Go to your Software Library.
Note the redemption code. Your redemption code is required to retrieve your serial number. You are prompted to enter your serial number during the install.

Where is the serial number on Photoshop?

Why is my Adobe serial number invalid?

How do I use Adobe Photoshop serial number?

How do I check my Photoshop license?

What is Adobe serial number?

What is the serial number?

Where is my Photoshop Elements serial number?

How to get Photoshop Elements free legally and safe?

Photoshop CS6 Free Benefits:

FAQ. What is Photoshop CS6?

Photoshop CS6 Pirate Version. As I have mentioned earlier,there is no free and legal Photoshop CS 6 at the moment.

Free Photoshop CS6 Similar Versions.

Free Photoshop CS6 Alternatives.

Photoshop CS6 Freebies.

Adobe Photoshop CS6 Free Download.

What is the serial number for Photoshop?

If you have bought a physical Adobe CSS5 or CSS6 product,you will find the license key on the back of CD/DVD case of the software disc.

If you have registered your product online,it would be much better as you can find the serial number online in your Adobe account.

Simply log in to your Adobe account through email and password.

How to reinstall Photoshop Elements?

Before you begin. Make sure that you have administrative privileges for the account you are using.

Download Photoshop Elements. Open the Adobe Photoshop Elements download page in your web browser.

Install Photoshop Elements. Open the Adobe Photoshop Elements installer file that you downloaded from the Adobe website.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GcBUgzcBW9A

What does Bagpuss say?

“Bagpuss, oh, Bagpuss. Oh, fat, furry cat puss, Wake up and look at the thing that I bring. Wake up, be bright, be golden and light.

What were the mice called in Bagpuss?

The names of the six mice were: Charlie Mouse; Jenny Mouse; Janey Mouse; Lizzy Mouse; Eddie Mouse and Willy Mouse. Professor Yaffle was the most complicated puppet and the most agile being the only one with moving legs and feet. To keep him upright during filming his feet had to be tacked to the surface.

Where can I watch Bagpuss?

The classic children’s puppet show will be available to stream on iPlayer.

When was Bagpuss made?

February 12, 1974Bagpuss / First episode date

Bagpuss was first seen on 12 February 1974. The charming children’s stop motion animation was made by Oliver Postgate and Peter Firmin, starring the “saggy old cloth cat” Bagpuss.

Who loves Bagpuss?

Emily
And Professor Yaffle was a carved, wooden bookend in the shape of a woodpecker. Even Bagpuss himself, once he was asleep, was just an old, saggy cloth cat, Baggy, and a bit loose at the seams, But Emily loved him.

What breed of cat was Bagpuss?

Persians
As well as showing symptoms of cat flu, she may also be suffering because of her breed. Persians are bred with extremely short, flat faces (known as brachycephalic) and as a result can experience health and welfare issues including breathing difficulties and problems with their tear ducts.

What was Bagpuss made out of?

Bagpuss himself is a stuffed, cloth cat. The six mice carved on the side of the “mouse organ” (a small mechanical pipe organ that played rolls of music) wake up and scurry around, singing in high-pitched voices.

Is bagpuss on BritBox?

BritBox – Bagpuss S1. Delightful 70s stop-motion series about the adventures of a magical cloth cat. As young Emily drops off another broken item at their antique shop, watch all the shop’s characters work together to repair it. Charming and musical by turn.

What Colour is Bagpuss?

Pink
Pretty in Pink: Bagpuss was pink (with cream coloured stripes). He wasn’t yellow, green or orange. The story goes that Peter Firmin ordered some marmalade-cat coloured fabric to make Bagpuss, however when it arrived, it was more pink than ginger.

What type of cat is Bagpuss?

As well as showing symptoms of cat flu, she may also be suffering because of her breed. Persians are bred with extremely short, flat faces (known as brachycephalic) and as a result can experience health and welfare issues including breathing difficulties and problems with their tear ducts.

What Colour was Bagpuss?

Peter Firmin originally ordered marmalade-coloured fabric to make Bagpuss. However, when it arrived, it was more pink than ginger.

Was Bagpuss a real cat?

Bagpuss is an actual cloth cat, but was not intended to be such an electric pink. “It should have been a ginger marmalade cat but the company in Folkestone dyeing the material made a mistake and it turned out pink and cream. It was the best thing that ever happened,” said Firmin.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t9beAp3TG2E