What is inside a hidrocystoma?
Apocrine hidrocystomas are large, unilocular or multilocular cysts. The lining epithelium consists of inner secretory cells and an outer myoepithelial cell layer.
What causes a hidrocystoma?
The exact cause of the hidrocystoma is unknown but it is hypothesized that the eccrine hidrocystoma is due to the obstruction of the eccrine sweat gland which causes the retention of secretions and the appearance of a dilated cystic structure.
What does hidrocystoma look like?
They appear as dome-shaped, solitary, clear, cystic nodules with a smooth surface, and the color varies, ranging from flesh-colored to blue-black. Although the solitary hidrocystoma is the most common clinical presentation, multiple lesions on the face and neck have been reported.
How do you treat hidrocystoma?
Apocrine hidrocystomas can be incised and drained; however, electrosurgical destruction of the cyst wall often is recommended to prevent recurrence. Punch, scissors, or elliptical excision also can remove tumors. Multiple apocrine hidrocystomas can be treated with carbon dioxide laser vaporization.
Can you pop a hidrocystoma?
You can see the doctor slicing into one of the hidrocystomas, and pinching it with her two fingers. Then—surprise—light pink and clear liquid comes oozing out, kind of like when you pop and drain a blister.
How do you get rid of eccrine hidrocystoma?
Most eccrine hidrocystomas are solitary and surgical treatment of choice is complete excision with an intact cyst. Simple needle puncture is generally not recommended as recurrences are common and may result in infections but may be considered if patient is unwilling for complete excision.
Is hidrocystoma cancerous?
Hidrocystoma and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are common eyelid lesions. The former is benign while the latter is malignant and can cause significant destruction of the adnexal structures, orbital invasion and visual loss.
What are eccrine and apocrine glands?
Your skin has two types of sweat glands: eccrine and apocrine. Eccrine glands occur over most of your body and open directly onto the surface of your skin. Apocrine glands open into the hair follicle, leading to the surface of the skin.
Does apocrine use exocytosis?
The type of material discharged is not the same in both glands; eccrine glands have a merocrine secretion process where the secretions of the cells are excreted via exocytosis into an epithelial-walled duct, and apocrine glands undergo apocrine secretion where a portion of the plasma membrane buds off the cell.
What is a hidrocystoma?
Hidrocystomas are common benign sweat gland lesions occurring on the face or scalp, most commonly affecting the eyelid.
What are solitary and multiple Hidrocystomas?
Hidrocystomas can be classified into solitary (Smith) type and multiple (Robinson) type. Solitary lesions present as skin-colored dome-shaped papules in the periorbital area usually located along the lower eyelids and canthi near but not directly involving the eyelid margin. Solitary lesions typically affect males and females equally.
What is the pathophysiology of eyelid hidrocystoma?
A large upper eyelid eccrine hidrocystoma has been reported to cause progressive ptosis in childhood and a potential risk factor for amblyopia. Lesions localized to peripunctal area may cause epiphora secondary to compression effects on the punctum and canaliculus.
What is the pathophysiology of eccrine hidrocystoma?
Histology and Pathogenesis. Eccrine hidrocystomas usually result from dilation of cystic excretory eccrine glands due to retention of sweat and dilation or blockage of the sweat duct. Under the microscope, eccrine hidrocystomas appear as unilocular cysts, which usually contain a single cystic cavity composed of 1 or 2 layers of cuboidal cells.