Month: January 2021

What is Simplex Method example?

Write the initial tableau of Simplex method….Example (part 1): Simplex method.

How do you find the simplex method?

THE SIMPLEX METHOD

1. Set up the problem.
2. Convert the inequalities into equations.
3. Construct the initial simplex tableau.
4. The most negative entry in the bottom row identifies the pivot column.
5. Calculate the quotients.
6. Perform pivoting to make all other entries in this column zero.

What is CB in simplex method?

CB : Its the coefficients of the basic variables in the objective function. The objective functions doesn’t contain x4 and x3, so these are 0.

Where is simplex method used?

The simplex method is used to eradicate the issues in linear programming. It examines the feasible set’s adjacent vertices in sequence to ensure that, at every new vertex, the objective function increases or is unaffected.

How to write the simplex method in Excel?

Write the initial tableau of Simplex method. variables), and constraints (in rows). The C b column contains the coefficients of the variables that are in the base. . = a ij. Although this is the first tableau of the Simplex method and all C b are null, so the calculation can simplified, and by this time Z . Stopping condition.

What is the initial tableau of simplex method?

The initial tableau of Simplex method consists of all the coefficients of the decision variables of the original problem and the slack, surplus and artificial variables added in second step (in columns, with P 0 as the constant term and P as the coefficients of the rest of X variables), and constraints (in rows).

What is the stop condition of the simplex method?

Although this is the first tableau of the Simplex method and all C b are null, so the calculation can simplified, and by this time Z . Stopping condition. If the objective is to maximize, when in the last row (indicator row) there is no negative value between discounted costs (P 1 columns below) the stop condition is reached.

What is the C B column in the simplex method?

The C b column contains the coefficients of the variables that are in the base. . = a ij. Although this is the first tableau of the Simplex method and all C b are null, so the calculation can simplified, and by this time Z .

Where is the Arctic watershed?

The Arctic Ocean watershed extends 3.5 million km2 and drains two-thirds of the Alberta territory, northern British Columbia and Saskatchewan, and part of the Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, including the Arctic Islands.

Where is the watershed in northern Ontario?

The land area where water flows into the Arctic Ocean is known as the Arctic Watershed. King’s Highway 11 (Trans-Canada Highway) enters the Arctic Watershed at the Laurentian Divide (Northern Divide) in the Timiskaming District.

How many watersheds are there in Ontario?

There are more than 1000 quaternary watersheds in Ontario.

Where in Ontario does the water flow north?

From Lake of the Woods at Kenora, the water flows north and then west down the Winnipeg River to Lake Winnipeg in Manitoba and ultimately down the Nelson River to Hudson Bay. There are two main outlet channels, known as the Eastern Outlet and the Western Outlet, in Kenora.

What is a watershed Ontario?

In simple terms, a watershed is the area of land that catches rain and snow that drains or seeps into a marsh, stream, river, lake or groundwater. In the Toronto region, all watersheds are river watersheds, with the exception of the waterfront which drains into Lake Ontario.

What river flows into Hudson Bay?

Nelson River, river in northern Manitoba, Can., that begins by draining Lake Winnipeg, flows northward, and ends by discharging into Hudson Bay near York Factory. Its 400-mile (644-km) course is the ultimate outlet for a basin of 444,000 square miles (1,150,000 square km).

Is Lake Nipigon part of the Great Lakes?

Lake Nipigon (/ˈnɪpɪɡən/; French: lac Nipigon; Ojibwe: Animbiigoo-zaaga’igan) is part of the Great Lake drainage basin. It is the largest lake entirely within the boundaries of the Canadian province of Ontario.

Where is the Great Lakes watershed?

The Great Lakes Basin consists of the Great Lakes and the surrounding lands of the states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin in the United States, and the province of Ontario in Canada, whose direct surface runoff and watersheds form a large drainage basin that feeds …

What is the Lake Ontario watershed?

The Lake Ontario and Minor Tributaries Watershed is comprised of the smaller drainage that lie between the larger rivers that empty into Lake Ontario. The larger rivers include the Niagara, Genesee, Oswego and Black River which are discussed as separate watersheds.

What watershed feeds Lake Ontario?

Lawrence River (in the St. Lawrence River drainage basin). Also shown on the map are tributaries. A tributary is a river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake.

Where does Lake of the Woods drain?

The lake drains into the Winnipeg River and then into Lake Winnipeg. Ultimately, its outflow goes north through the Nelson River to Hudson Bay.

Where is the Hudson Bay watershed?

Canada
The Hudson Bay watershed is the largest ocean watershed in Canada (3.8 million km2 ) and extends over five Canadian provinces from Alberta to Quebec, and also over the Northwest Territories and Nunavut.

What do adventitious roots do for a corn plant?

These roots anchor the seeding and sustain the seedling for the first couple of weeks after emergence. The main root system (secondary) of the corn plant is composed of numerous roots that originate from stem tissue. These adventitious roots are located at nodes along the stem, both below and above ground.

What is the main function of an adventitious root?

Adventitious roots facilitate gas transport and water and nutrient uptake during flooding. Following flooding, they help take up nutrients and ensure plant survival (Sauter, 2013).

What are adventitious roots where are they formed in corn?

Adventitious roots are located at nodes along the stem, both below and above ground. They begin their development shortly after the seedling has emerged, but it takes several weeks before the roots are capable of sustaining the plant.

What are the functions of roots?

Its primary functions are anchorage of the plant, absorption of water and dissolved minerals and conduction of these to the stem, and storage of reserve foods.

What plants have adventitious roots?

Most monocotyledons have adventitious roots; examples include orchids (Orchidaceae), bromeliads (Bromeliaceae), and many other epiphytic plants…

What are examples of adventitious roots?

Adventitious roots include those formed on stem and leaf cuttings and those produced by air layering. Adventitious aerial roots of many tropical trees are common. For example, Ficus produces free-hanging aerial roots that originate in the branches and undergo secondary thickening before they reach the soil.

What is adventitious root example?

What is meant by adventitious root?

Some roots, called adventitious roots, arise from an organ other than the root—usually a stem, sometimes a leaf. They are especially numerous on underground stems, such as rhizomes, corms, and tubers, and make it possible to vegetatively propagate many plants from stem or leaf cuttings.

What are the 6 functions of roots?

Primary or Main Functions of Roots:

• Anchorage: Roots take part in fixation of the plant and supporting the aerial shoot system.
• Absorption of Water: Roots absorb water from soil.
• Absorption of Minerals:
• Prevention of Soil Erosion:
• Transport:
• Rootless Plants:
• Storage:
• Extra or Mechanical Support:

What are adventitious roots Class 11?

The adventitious roots are the ones that can arise from anywhere apart from the original producing organ of the plant (roots). The place of origin of the adventitious root is not fixed. It can arise from the stem of the plants, leaf of the plant.

What are adventitious roots answer?

What is the main function of adventitious roots?

The main function of adventitious roots is to explore more areas for resources that could help the plant, like water and additional nutrients. Adventitious roots also help the plant by providing additional support by anchoring the plant to different objects.

What is the root system of a corn plant?

Root System Of Corn Plant The roots of a plant lay the foundation for that plant’s growth. The root system of any crop plant is significant in plant research to understand and support shoot growth while facilitating high yield production. The maize plant is a monocot and has a Fibrous root system.

What are the conditions for adventitious root growth in cuttings?

Cuttings, which are pieces of a parent plant that have been cut away to be propagated, often require certain conditions for adventitious root growth. Succulent cuttings, which are a form of cacti, require just the open air to produce roots, while pothos, or devils vine, thrives best when cuttings are submerged in water.

Why do orchids have adventitious roots?

Adventitious roots of an orchid anchor it to the rock face. The main function of adventitious roots is to explore more areas for resources that could help the plant, like water and additional nutrients. Adventitious roots also help the plant by providing additional support by anchoring the plant to different objects.

Which hydrophilic is antioxidant?

Lipophilic (tocopherols, carotenoids and chlorophylls) and hydrophilic (sugars, ascorbic acid, phenolics, flavonols and anthocyanins) compounds were quantified. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by radical scavenging activity, reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibition.

What are lipophilic antioxidants?

Lipophilic antioxidants are potential biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases. • Lipophilic antioxidants demonstrate neuroprotection in cellular and animal models. • Their clinical benefits in neurodegenerative diseases remains unclear.

How do you increase total antioxidant capacity?

Associations for α-tocopherol were seen at intake levels much higher than the current Recommended Dietary Allowance. It may, therefore, be prudent to focus on increasing consumption of fruit, vegetables, nuts, and seeds to increase total antioxidant capacity.

What is total antioxidant capacity what are the methods to determine it?

Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is the measure of the amount of free radicals scavenged by a test solution [4], being used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of biological samples [3, 6, 7].

What substances can dissolve fats?

Soaps are unique compounds because soap molecules contain a small polar end (known as the polar head) and a long non-polar tail: Because of the two different parts of the molecule, a soap molecule is soluble in water and at the same time can dissolve fats.

Is believed to dramatically increase the antioxidant capacity of the body *?

The authors concluded that consumption of a single dose of green or black tea increases plasma antioxidant capacity of humans in vivo.

How is Phosphomolybdenum reagent prepared?

The obtained phosphomolybdenum blue complex is oxidized by the addition of nitrite and this causes a reduction in intensity of the blue colour. Reagent was prepared by adding 0.588ml of sulphuric acid, 0.049g ammonium molybdate and 0.036g sodium phosphate. The final volume was made up to 10ml with Dis. H2O.

How is antioxidant capacity measured?

1. The ORAC Test. The ORAC test measures the splitting ability of the radical chain reaction by antioxidants through monitoring the inhibition of the oxidation of the peroxyl radical.

What are lipophilic substances?

Definition: Lipophilic or ‘lipid-loving’ molecules are attracted to lipids. A substance is lipophilic if it is able to dissolve much more easily in lipid (a class of oily organic compounds) than in water. Source: GreenFacts.

Is lipophilic water soluble?

Many lipophilic substances, including fat-soluble vitamins, cholesterol, and triglycerides are essential for life. The body needs to be able to absorb and transport these substances. However, lipophilic substances are not water-soluble, and, since blood is aqueous, this presents a challenge.

What are benefits of antioxidants?

A diet high in antioxidants may reduce the risk of many diseases (including heart disease and certain cancers). Antioxidants scavenge free radicals from the body cells and prevent or reduce the damage caused by oxidation. The protective effect of antioxidants continues to be studied around the world.

Is it possible to estimate the antioxidant activity of both hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidants?

This method, with slight modifications, is capable of determining both hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant properties, thus, it is possible estimate the antioxidant activity of both antioxidant types in the same sample. The method is easy, accurate and rapid to apply.

Is ascorbic acid hydrophilic or lipophilic?

Of the above cited compounds, some are of a hydrophilic nature (e.g. ascorbic acid) and others are clearly lipophilic (e.g. carotenoids). It is of general interest to measure the antioxidant capacity (activity) of fruits, vegetables or foodstuff ( Halliwell, 1996, Palozza and Krinsky, 1992, Stanley and Mogg, 1995 ).

How do you calculate total antioxidant capacity?

The total antioxidant capacity was obtained by adding the hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds (Arnao et al., 2001). The results were expressed as equivalents of ascorbic acid (mg g − 1 DW).

Do lipid-soluble antioxidants have a protective effect on lipids?

In lipophilic systems, homogenous solutions have been used to study the protective effect of lipid-soluble antioxidants on lipids since this has the advantage of simplifying the assay; for example, carotenoids and lipids can be dissolved in organic solvents ( Robards, Prenzler, Tucker, Swatsitang & Glover, 1999 ).