What does hydrogenation of unsaturated fats produce?
A major health concern during the hydrogenation process is the production of trans fats. Trans fats are the result of a side reaction with the catalyst of the hydrogenation process. This is the result of an unsaturated fat which is normally found as a cis isomer converts to a trans isomer of the unsaturated fat.
What is hydrogenation of unsaturated fats?
1 Hydrogenation. Hydrogenation is a chemical process that adds hydrogen to the unsaturated bonds on the FA chains attached to the TAG backbone. In this way, an unsaturated fat can be turned into a saturated fat and increase its melting point (List and King, 2006).
What are fats created by hydrogenation called?
trans fat, also called trans fatty acid or partially hydrogenated fat, fat produced from the industrial process of hydrogenation, in which molecular hydrogen (H2) is added to vegetable oil, thereby converting liquid fat to semisolid fat.
How are unsaturated fatty acids produced?
Unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) are produced by the action of the enzyme, Δ-9- fatty acid desaturase, which inserts a double bond into fatty acid under aerobic conditions.
What is the meaning of hydrogenation?
[ hī′drə-jə-nā′shən, hī-drŏj′ə- ] n. The addition of hydrogen to a compound, especially to solidify an unsaturated fat or fatty acid.
How is hydrogenation done?
The process of hydrogenation involves the use of hydrogen molecules to saturate organic compounds, in the presence of a catalyst. Catalysts are species that are used to speed up the rate of a reaction without being consumed during the process. Keep in mind that catalysts are essential to running this reaction.
What does Hydrogenized mean?
: to combine or treat with or expose to hydrogen especially : to add hydrogen to the molecule of (an unsaturated organic compound) Other Words from hydrogenate. hydrogenation \ hī-ˌdräj-ə-ˈnā-shən, ˌhī-drə-jə- \ noun.
How are unsaturated fatty acids converted to saturated fatty acids?
Hydrogenation Reaction: Unsaturated fatty acids may be converted to saturated fatty acids by the relatively simple hydrogenation reaction. Recall that the addition of hydrogen to an alkene (unsaturated) results in an alkane (saturated).
What is a simple hydrogenation reaction for fatty acids?
A simple hydrogenation reaction is: H 2C=CH 2 + H 2 —> CH 3CH 3. alkene plus hydrogen yields an alkane. The hydrogenation of a oleic fatty acid is shown in the graphic on the left.
What are hydrogenated fats?
Completely hydrogenated fats and oils would serve as a feedstock for fat splitting and a source of fatty acids for soap and candle manufacturers. Crossfield brought the hydrogenation patents to the United States and sold them to Procter & Gamble around 1907.
Why does catalytic partial hydrogenation necessarily produce trans-fats?
Catalytic partial hydrogenation necessarily produces trans -fats, because of the reaction mechanism. In the first reaction step, one hydrogen is added, with the other, coordinatively unsaturated, carbon being attached to the catalyst. The second step is the addition of hydrogen to the remaining carbon, producing a saturated fatty acid.