What is the difference between variola and smallpox?
Smallpox is caused by 1 of 2 closely related strains: variola major and variola minor. The 2 viruses are indistinguishable except by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Variola minor infection (known as Alastrim) causes fewer systemic symptoms, a less extensive rash, less scarring, and fewer fatalities.
What causes variola virus?
The variola virus causes smallpox. In the past, people spread smallpox most commonly through direct, prolonged face-to-face contact with others. When they sneezed or coughed, they would send respiratory particles through the air. When other people inhaled these large droplets, they would become infected.
What does variola virus do?
Variola major is the strain of the virus that causes the most severe disease and is also the most common form of smallpox. It causes an extensive rash (Figure 10) and high fever.
What kind of virus is variola?
The variola virus is a large, brick-shaped, double-stranded DNA virus that serologically cross-reacts with other members of the poxvirus family, including ectromelia, cowpox, monkeypox, vaccinia, and camelpox. Unlike other DNA viruses, the variola virus multiplies in the cytoplasm of parasitized host cells.
Is smallpox like chicken pox?
You might be thinking that Smallpox and Chickenpox are the same diseases because they both cause rashes and blisters, and both have “pox” in their names. But in fact, they are entirely different diseases. No one in the last 65 years has have reported being sick of Smallpox across the US.
Is variola virus extinct?
The agent of variola virus (VARV) belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) certified the global eradication of the disease in 1980.
Is poxvirus enveloped?
Poxviruses are large, enveloped viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm and encode proteins for DNA replication and gene expression. Hairpin ends link the two strands of the linear, double-stranded DNA genome.
What is varíola?
Varíola foi uma doença infeciosa causada por uma de duas estirpes do vírus da varíola – variola major e variola minor. O último caso natural da doença foi diagnosticado em outubro de 1977, o que levou a Organização Mundial de Saúde a certificar a erradicação da doença em 1980.
What is smallpox (variola)?
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by one of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor. The agent of variola virus (VARV) belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) certified the global eradication of the disease in 1980.
What is Variola minor (alastrim)?
Variola minor infection (known as Alastrim) causes fewer systemic symptoms, a less extensive rash, less scarring, and fewer fatalities. During the era of naturally occurring smallpox, several variations of variola major disease were recognized. See Table 1. Table I: WHO classification of smallpox types,
What is the mortality and morbidity associated with Variola?
The mortality rate from variola minor is approximately 1%, while the mortality rate from variola major is approximately 30%. Ordinary type-confluent is fatal about 50–75% of the time, ordinary-type semi-confluent about 25–50% of the time, in cases where the rash is discrete the case-fatality rate is less than 10%.