What does PP2A stand for?
Protein phosphatase 2A
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is widely expressed throughout the body and plays a predominant role in the dephosphorylation of thousands of different phosphoproteins in vertebrate tissues. 38. PP2A is expressed at high levels in the brain, where it acts on diverse substrates.
Why is protein phosphorylation important in cell Signalling?
Protein phosphorylation is one of the initial steps that is vital for the coordination of cellular and organic functions such as the regulation of metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, subcellular trafficking, inflammation, and other important physiological processes.
What is the role of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in cell signaling?
Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation are important posttranslational modifications of native proteins, occurring site specifically on a protein surface. These biological processes play important roles in intracellular signal transduction cascades and switching the enzymatic activity.
Is calcineurin A protein?
Abstract. Calcineurin is a eukaryotic Ca(2+)- and calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase. It is a heterodimeric protein consisting of a catalytic subunit calcineurin A, which contains an active site dinuclear metal center, and a tightly associated, myristoylated, Ca(2+)-binding subunit, calcineurin B …
Does calcineurin bind calcium?
Calcineurin is activated by increases in intracellular calcium concentrations, a process that requires the calcium sensing protein calmodulin binding to an intrinsically disordered regulatory domain in the phosphatase.
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a central cardiac phosphatase that regulates diverse myocyte functions through a host of target molecules. Notably, multiple mechanisms have evolved to dynamically tune PP2A function, including modulation of the composition, phosphorylation, methylation, and localization of PP2A holoenzyme populations.
How does PP2A regulate myocyte function?
Cardiac PP2A regulatory targets Through dephosphorylation of a disparate collection of target proteins, PP2A activity regulates a host of critical myocyte functions.
What is protein phosphatase 2A (P2A)?
Janssens V, Goris J. Protein phosphatase 2A: a highly regulated family of serine/threonine phosphatases implicated in cell growth and signalling. Biochem. J. 2001;353:417–439.
How do we regulate PP2A function dynamically?
Notably, multiple mechanisms have evolved to dynamically tune PP2A function, including modulation of the composition, phosphorylation, methylation, and localization of PP2A holoenzyme populations. Further, aberrations in this regulation of PP2A function may contribute to cardiac pathophysiology.