What is the function of Tamm-Horsfall protein?
Tamm-Horsfall (TH) glycoprotein is a major protein of normal urine and is the primary component of waxy nephron casts.
Where is Tamm-Horsfall protein found?
Abstract. Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) is a glycoprotein present abundantly in human urine. It is localized in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle (TAL) and the early distal convoluted tubule (DCT). The rate of urinary excretion of THP has been studied in various diabetic groups.
What causes Tamm-Horsfall protein?
Mutations in the UMOD gene encoding uromodulin (i.e., Tamm-Horsfall protein) occur in families in which children present with hyperuricemia and gout. This syndrome overlaps with medullary cystic kidney disease type 2, which also is associated with UMOD mutations.
Where is Uromodulin produced?
Uromodulin (also known as Tamm-Horsfall protein) is exclusively produced in the kidney and is the most abundant protein in normal urine.
Is Tamm Horsfall protein found in serum?
The presence of THP in normal human serum was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. A specific enzyme immunoassay was then used to measure the serum concentration of THP.
What is the most abundant protein in urine?
serum albumin
In the present analysis, serum albumin and uromodulin were the most abundant urinary proteins. Quantitative analysis of urinary proteins by the iBAQ method. (A) The relative expression and concentrations of 2,571 proteins in the 2D analysis were estimated by iBAQ.
What is hyaline cast in urine?
Casts are clusters of urinary sediment elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, fat bodies, etc.) wrapped in a protein matrix. Cast formation necessarily occurs in the kidney tubules, and the the contents of the casts indicate the nature of the abnormalities occurring in the kidney itself.
What are cast cells?
A cellular cast may be composed of any of the cells found in the urine sediment, such as RBC, WBC, or renal tubular epithelial cell. Bacterial cell casts have also been described as have casts consisting of a mixture of cell types.
What are Tamm Horsfall proteins?
Tamm-Horsfall proteins. Tamm-Horsfall proteins are physiologically excreted by the renal tubular epithelium. They are most often encountered on neonatal renal ultrasound, where the concentrated proteins in the renal pyramids may mimic nonobstructing renal stones 1. It is considered a normal finding 2.
What is the solubility of the Tamm–Horsfall protein in the urine?
The solubility of the Tamm–Horsfall protein in the urine depends on the pH, salt concentration, and concentration of proteins in the urine, as well as other factors ( Hoyer and Seiler 1987 ).
What are Tamm-Horsfall proteins (uromodulin)?
Tamm-Horsfall proteins, also known as uromodulin, may be a cause of echogenic renal pyramids in a neonate. Tamm-Horsfall proteins are physiologically excreted by the renal tubular epithelium. They are most often encountered on neonatal renal ultrasound, where the concentrated proteins in the renal pyramids may mimic nonobstructing renal stones 1.
What are Tamm-Horsfall proteins in renal tubular epithelium?
Tamm-Horsfall proteins are physiologically excreted by the renal tubular epithelium. They are most often encountered on neonatal renal ultrasound, where the concentrated proteins in the renal pyramids may mimic nonobstructing renal stones 1. It is considered a normal finding 2. 1. Durr-E-Sabih, Khan AN, Craig M et-al.