What causes hypovolemic hyponatremia?
Hypovolemic hyponatremia Causes include vomiting, excessive sweating, diarrhea, burns, diuretic use… read more .) Deficiencies in both total body water and total body sodium exist, although proportionally more sodium than water has been lost; the sodium deficit causes hypovolemia.
What causes isotonic hyponatremia?
Isotonic hyponatremia is caused by isotonic infusion of solutions such as glycine or mannitol. Pseudohyponatremia is caused by hyperlipidemia or hyperproteinemia but is less common with advances in laboratory measurements.
What is the most common cause of hypertonic hyponatremia?
The three main causes of hypervolemic hyponatremia are congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis, and renal diseases such as renal failure and nephrotic syndrome. These disorders usually are obvious from the clinical history and physical examination alone.
What is hypertonic hyponatremia?
Patients with hypertonic hyponatremia have normal total body sodium and a dilutional drop in the measured serum sodium due to the presence of osmotically active molecules in the serum, which causes a water shift from the intracellular compartment to the extracellular compartment.
What causes hypervolemic hyponatremia?
– Hypovolemic hyponatremia: Isotonic fluids administration and holding of any diuretics. – Hypervolemic hyponatremia: Treat underlying condition, restrict salt and fluids, and administer loop diuretics. – Euvolemic hyponatremia: Fluid restriction to less than 1 liters per day.
What are the possible complications of hyponatremia?
Age. Older adults may have more contributing factors for hyponatremia,including age-related changes,taking certain medications and a greater likelihood of developing a chronic disease that alters the body’s sodium
What IV fluids are given for hyponatremia?
What IV fluids are given for hyponatremia? In general, hyponatremia is treated with fluid restriction (in the setting of euvolemia), isotonic saline (in hypovolemia), and diuresis (in hypervolemia). A combination of these therapies may be needed based on the presentation. Hypertonic saline is used to treat severe symptomatic hyponatremia.
How do you get hyponatremia?
Medications. Water pills (diuretics) and some antidepressants and pain medications can make you pee or sweat more.