What is intracranial hypertension?

What is intracranial hypertension?

Intracranial hypertension is a spectrum of neurological disorders where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure within the skull is elevated. Normal CSF pressure varies by age. In general, CSF pressure above 250 mm H20 in adults and above 200 mm H2O in children signifies increased intracranial pressure (ICP).

Is intracranial hypertension associated with traumatic brain injury after TBI?

PMID: 34184860 DOI: 10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05383-2 Abstract No robust evidence is provided by literature regarding the management of intracranial hypertension following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Which medications are associated with Drug-Induced Intracranial hypertension (Diih)?

Vitamin A derivatives and tetracycline-class antibiotics are among known medications associated with drug-induced intracranial hypertension (DIIH).

What is the role of imaging in the workup of intracranial hypertension?

Imaging of the brain with CT and MRI is essential in patients with suspected idiopathic intracranial hypertension, to exclude elevated CSF pressure due to other causes such as brain tumor, dural sinus thrombosis, hydrocephalus, etc.

How is intracranial hypertension treated in traumatic brain injury (TBI)?

For intracranial hypertension refractory to initial medical management, barbiturate coma, hypothermia, or decompressive craniectomy should be considered. Steroids are not indicated and may be harmful in the treatment of intracranial hypertension resulting from traumatic brain injury.

How is increased intracranial pressure evaluated?

The evaluation of increased ICP should include a detailed history taking, physical examination, and ancillary studies. It is extremely important to identify increased ICP as early as possible to prevent herniation and death. For example malignant middle cerebral artery stroke presenting with increased ICP.

What is the mortality and morbidity of benign intracranial hypertension (IIH)?

Benign intracranial hypertension does not increase the risk of death rate by itself; rather, the death rate is increased by morbid obesity which is a common association with benign intracranial hypertension. Visual loss is significant morbidity in IIH. Deterrence and Patient Education