What is differential diagnosis of myocardial infarction?
Differential diagnosis Cardiovascular: stable angina, another form of ACS (unstable angina or NSTEMI), acute pericarditis, myocarditis, aortic stenosis, aortic dissection, pulmonary embolism.
What are the 4 types of myocardial infarction?
ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) coronary spasm, or unstable angina.
What is Type 1 and Type 2 MI?
Type 1 MI is a primary coronary arterial event attributable to atherothrombotic plaque rupture or erosion. Type 2 MI occurs secondary to an acute imbalance in myocardial oxygen supply and demand without atherothrombosis.
How do you calculate MI?
An MI is diagnosed when two of the following criteria are met:
- Symptoms of ischemia.
- New ST-segment changes or a left bundle branch block (LBBB)
- Presence of pathological Q waves on the ECG.
- Imaging study showing new regional wall motion abnormality.
- Presence of an intracoronary thrombus at autopsy or angiography.
What are 4 signs of myocardial infarction?
What are the symptoms of acute myocardial infarction?
- pressure or tightness in the chest.
- pain in the chest, back, jaw, and other areas of the upper body that lasts more than a few minutes or that goes away and comes back.
- shortness of breath.
- sweating.
- nausea.
- vomiting.
- anxiety.
- feeling like you’re going to faint.
What is a type 5 myocardial infarction?
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)–related MI is termed type 5 MI. Coronary procedure–related MI ≤48 hours after the index procedure is arbitrarily defined by an elevation of cTn values >5 times for type 4a MI and >10 times for type 5 MI of the 99th percentile URL in patients with normal baseline values.
What is the most common type of MI?
Type 2 MI is the most common type of MI encountered in clinical settings in which is there is demand-supply mismatch resulting in myocardial ischemia. This demand supply mismatch can be due to multiple reasons including but not limited to presence of a fixed stable coronary obstruction, tachycardia, hypoxia or stress.
What is t2 NSTEMI?
Type 2 NSTEMI is defined as myocardial ischemia resulting from mismatched myocardial oxygen supply and demand that is not related to unstable coronary artery disease (CAD).
What is STEMI and NSTEMI?
STEMI results from complete and prolonged occlusion of an epicardial coronary blood vessel and is defined based on ECG criteria..NSTEMI usually results from severe coronary artery narrowing, transient occlusion, or microembolization of thrombus and/or atheromatous material.
What are troponin enzymes?
Troponins are the most widely recognized and important cardiac enzymes used in the diagnosis of acute myocardial ischemia in modern medicine. The majority of patients with an acute MI will have elevation in troponins within 2 to 3 hours of arrival at the emergency department, versus 6 to 12 hours with creatine kinase.
How to differentiate mi from musculoskeletal?
Differential Diagnosis: Differentiating MI from musculoskeletal or other origin can be done by recognizing patterns of aggravating and easing factors. Angina: 1) Begins 3-5 minutes after exertion or activity (lagtime); moderate intensity, chest discomfort/tightness. 2) Can occur at rest or during sleep.
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What are the diagnostic criteria for an mi?
An MI is diagnosed when two of the following criteria are met: Symptoms of ischemia New ST-segment changes or a left bundle branch block (LBBB) Presence of pathological Q waves on the ECG Imaging study showing new regional wall motion abnormality Presence of an intracoronary thrombus at autopsy or angiography