What is the side effect of isoniazid?
Common side effects may include: numbness, tingling, or burning pain in your hands or feet; nausea, vomiting, upset stomach; or. abnormal liver function tests.
What is the side effect of pyrazinamide?
SIDE EFFECTS: Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, or mild muscle/joint pain may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.
What is first-line and second line drugs?
First-line antituberculosis drugs- Isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), ethambutol (EMB), pyrazinamide (PZA) and streptomycin (SM). Second-line antituberculosis drugs- Sub divided into two. Fluoroquinolones- Ofloxacin (OFX), levofloxacin (LEV), moxifloxacin (MOX) and ciprofloxacin (CIP).
What are side effects of ethambutol?
Headache, loss of appetite, upset stomach, or nausea/vomiting may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.
What class of drug is pyrazinamide?
Pyrazinamide belongs to a class of drugs called Antitubercular Agents.
Why is B6 given with isoniazid?
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) supplementation during isoniazid (INH) therapy is necessary in some patients to prevent the development of peripheral neuropathy.
How do I reduce the side effects of isoniazid?
Your doctor may also want you to take pyridoxine (e.g., Hexa-Betalin, vitamin B 6) every day to help prevent or lessen some of the side effects of isoniazid. This is not usually needed in children, who receive enough pyridoxine in their diet.
What is the most common side effect of rifampin?
Upset stomach, heartburn, nausea, menstrual changes, or headache may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, inform your doctor promptly. This medication may cause urine, sweat, saliva, or tears to change color (yellow, orange, red, or brown).
Which TB drug is most hepatotoxic?
Among the first-line anti-TB drugs, isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide are known to cause hepatotoxicity, but pyrazinamide attribute to a higher percentage for the drug induced liver toxicity compared to the other drugs.
What are the third line drugs for TB?
| Grouping of drugs | Drugs line category |
|---|---|
| Group 1 | Isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide |
| Second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs | |
| Group 2 | Moxifloxacin, high dose levofloxacin (fluoroquinolones) |
| Group 3 | Linezolid, delamanid, bedaquiline (newer drugs with increased evidence) |
What is second line drugs for TB?
Kanamycin, Capreomycin and Amikacin are injectable second-line. Bedaquiline and Delamanid are new drugs. Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide, Thioamides, Cycloserine, Para-aminosalicylic acid, Streptomycin, and Clofazimine are possibly effective.
What are the side effects of TB drugs?
The side effects of TB drugs depend on the treatment. These range from mild but annoying to severe, and can sometimes even warrant a change of medication. Dealing with side effects during at least six months of treatment can prove very challenging for people, and is another thing to contend with along with symptoms of the illness itself.
What are the side effects of streptomycin for tuberculosis?
The patient can also suffer from skin complications such as rash or hives. Streptomycin is an antibiotic that can also be used to treat tuberculosis. It can cause ototoxicity (damage to the structures involved in hearing), and is especially prominent in the elderly and those with decreased kidney function.
What should I know about TB treatment before taking it?
People with TB should be tested for liver and kidney problems before starting treatment. If there are concerns over their liver or kidney function, careful monitoring throughout treatment will be needed. People with HIV who are taking antiretroviral therapy in addition to TB drugs may have more problems with side effects from certain TB drugs.
What medications are used to treat tuberculosis (TB)?
Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease that can strike almost any body system, but almost invariably begins and predominates in the lungs. Due to the dangerous nature of the disease, a few medications have been developed that can consistently fight the infection; these include rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and streptomycin.
