What genetic alteration does the UGT1A1 * 28 allele represent?
UGT1A1 *28/*28 Genetic variation reduces conversion of irinotecan to inactive metabolites. This increases the risk of serious, life-threatening adverse events. If the patient tolerates this initial dose, the dose can be increased, guided by the neutrophil count.
What is irinotecan used for?
Irinotecan belongs to the group of medicines called antineoplastics (cancer medicines). It interferes with the growth of cancer cells, which are eventually destroyed.
How long do side effects of irinotecan last?
You may experience the following symptoms while you are receiving a dose of irinotecan or for up to 24 hours afterward: runny nose, increased saliva, shrinking pupils (black circles in the middle of the eyes), watery eyes, sweating, flushing, diarrhea (sometimes called ‘early diarrhea’), and stomach cramps.
How do I reduce the side effects of irinotecan?
Follow regimen of anti-diarrhea medication as prescribed by your health care professional. Eat foods that may help reduce diarrhea (see managing side effects – diarrhea). To reduce nausea, take anti-nausea medications as prescribed by your doctor, and eat small, frequent meals.
How many cycles of irinotecan can you have?
Each cycle of treatment lasts 2 weeks (14 days). Depending on your needs, you may have up to 12 cycles, taking up to 6 months in total.
What are UGT1A1 inhibitors?
A purine base which forms a component of DNA among other functions and is present in many multivitamins. A medication used in general anesthesia and for sedation.
What does the UGT1A1 gene do?
Normal Function. The UGT1A1 gene belongs to a family of genes that provide instructions for making enzymes called UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. These enzymes perform a chemical reaction called glucuronidation, in which a compound called glucuronic acid is attached (conjugated) to one of a number of different substances …
Will I lose my hair on irinotecan?
Hair loss is fairly common with Irinotecan. This usually starts 3–4 weeks after the first dose of irinotecan, although it may happen earlier. Hair may completely fall out. You may also have thinning and loss of eyelashes, eyebrows and other body hair.
How long do the effects of irinotecan last?
Can I take irinotecan If I have UGT1A1?
Irinotecan Therapy and UGT1A1 Genotype. The FDA-approved drug label for irinotecan states that “when administered as a single-agent, a reduction in the starting dose by at least one level of irinotecan hydrochloride injection should be considered for patients known to be homozygous for the UGT1A1*28 allele.
Are polymorphisms in the UGT1A1 gene associated with irinotecan toxicity?
Studies of patients treated with irinotecan have reported that major dose-limiting toxicities are associated with polymorphisms in the TATA box of the UGT1A1 gene. Individuals who are homozygous for. UGT1A1-28 allele with 7 TA repeats may have a benign, congenital condition, Gilbert’s syndrome, in the absence of cancer.
What is UGT1A1 in colorectal cancer?
UGT1A1 predicts outcome in colorectal cancer treated with irinotecan and fluorouracil. [World J Gastroenterol. 2012] UGT1A1 predicts outcome in colorectal cancer treated with irinotecan and fluorouracil.
What is the most common variant of UGT1A1?
UGT1A1*1 is the wild-type allele and is associated with normal enzyme activity. The most common variant allele is UGT1A1*28, which is commonly found in African-Americans (0.42 – 0.45 allele frequency) and Caucasians (0.26–0.31), and is less common in Asian populations (0.09–0.16) (22, 23).