How is Nrf2 regulated?
Nrf2 may also be regulated via alternative splicing in certain tumors; some splice variants lack the Keap1-interacting domain, thus resulting in increased Nrf2 protein stability and Nrf2-mediated antioxidant gene expression [35].
What genes does Nrf2 activate?
Nrf2 increases the supply of cysteine by directly activating Slc7a11, the gene encoding the xCT subunit of system xc− (141). In addition to GSH synthesis, Nrf2 plays a role in GSH maintenance.
What is the Nrf2 gene?
NF-E2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an essential transcription factor that regulates an array of detoxifying and antioxidant defense gene expression in the liver. It is activated in response to oxidative stress and induces the expression of its target genes by binding to the antioxidant response element (ARE).
What is the function of Nrf2?
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an emerging regulator of cellular resistance to oxidants. Nrf2 controls the basal and induced expression of an array of antioxidant response element-dependent genes to regulate the physiological and pathophysiological outcomes of oxidant exposure.
Is Nrf2 a transcription factor?
Significance: Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that coordinates the basal and stress-inducible activation of a vast array of cytoprotective genes. Understanding the regulation of Nrf2 activity and downstream pathways has major implications for human health.
What is Nrf2 Signalling?
A major mechanism in the cellular defense against oxidative or electrophilic stress is activation of the Nrf2-antioxidant response element signaling pathway, which controls the expression of genes whose protein products are involved in the detoxication and elimination of reactive oxidants and electrophilic agents …
What foods trigger NRF2?
Plant foods are the richest source of pro-Nrf2 compounds:
- Garlic and onion (sulfur compounds)
- Broccoli, broccoli sprouts, cabbage, kale, collard greens, cauliflower, bok choy, and Brussels sprouts (sulforaphane)
- Grapes, cranberries, blueberries, mulberries, lingonberries, bilberries, jackfruit, peanuts and chocolate!
What is Nrf1 and NRF2?
Nrf1 and Nrf2 are master regulators of oxidative stress induced gene expression [18], [24]–[26]. They are cap-n-collar basic leucine zipper (CNC-bZIP) transcription factors that, in response to various forms of oxidative stress, can regulate gene expression through the electrophile response element (EpRE).
What is Nrf1 and Nrf2?
Where is Nrf2 found?
In health, Nrf2 exists in the cytosol of a cell, or the region outside of the nucleus where it cannot interact with DNA. It is held here by another protein called Keap1, which prevents it moving into the nucleus.
What is Nrf2 transcription factor?
NRF2, a Transcription Factor for Stress Response and Beyond Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that regulates the cellular defense against toxic and oxidative insults through the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress response and drug detoxification.
How does Nrf2-mediated regulation of gene expression work?
Nrf2-mediated regulation of gene expression depends on the cellular context, the inducing agent, the levels of Nrf2 activation, the recognition of the ARE, binding partners, cofactors and competitors, the crosstalk with other signaling pathways, and the epigenetic landscape of the target gene promoter, among others. Abbreviations Used β-TrCP
Is Nrf2 expression regulated by epigenetic mechanisms in prostate cancer?
Nrf2 expression is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms in prostate cancer of TRAMP mice. PLoS One5: e8579, 2010 [PMC free article][PubMed] [Google Scholar]
What is the role of CDK12 in the regulation of Nrf2?
Li X, Chatterjee N, Spirohn K, Boutros M, and Bohmann D. Cdk12 is a gene-selective RNA polymerase II kinase that regulates a subset of the transcriptome, including Nrf2 target genes. Sci Rep6: 21455, 2016 [PMC free article][PubMed] [Google Scholar]
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