What are O1 and O139 cholera strains?
Two serogroups (O1 and O139) or types of Vibrio cholerae bacteria can produce cholera toxin that causes the disease we call cholera. About 1 in 10 people infected with cholera toxin-producing O1 or O139 Vibrio cholerae experience severe, life-threatening illness, and both serogroups can cause widespread epidemics.
What is Vibrio cholerae O139?
cholerae O139 has persisted as a second etiologic agent of cholera. There are now two serogroups, O1 and O139, that have been associated with cholera epidemics, and the simple distinction between O1 and non-O1 V. cholerae regarding epidemic potential has, therefore, become obsolete.
Is cholera lytic or lysogenic?
cholerae, known as vibriophages102,103. The filamentous, lysogenic CTXΦ vibriophage is one of the best characterized because it carries the genes that encode cholera toxin22. The first tailed vibriophage genome to be sequenced was that of κ139; this vibriophage can be both lysogenic and lytic.
Is cholera a bioterrorism?
Cholera is a serious diarrheal disease and is caused by Vibrio cholerae a gram negative bacterium and has the potential to be used as a bioterror weapon by contaminating water and food supplies.
Does cholera have a flagellum?
Vibrio cholerae is a highly motile bacterium which possesses a single polar flagellum as a locomotion organelle. Motility is thought to be an important factor for the virulence of V. cholerae.
What is the causative agent of cholera?
Cholera is an acute diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with Vibrio cholerae bacteria.
Is Vibrio and cholera the same?
Cholera, caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae, is rare in the United States and other industrialized nations. Cholera can be life-threatening but it is easily prevented and treated.
What is lysogenic convergence?
Lysogenic conversion –> lysogeny. (Science: virology) The ability of some phages to survive in a bacterium as a result of the integration of their dna into the host chromosome.
What is lysogenic conversion?
Lysogenic conversion describes the situation where a bacterial host acquires a new trait as a direct result of the expression a gene encoded by a lysogen.
What are the 3 bioterrorism threat levels?
The CDC categorised these agents into three distinct groups, depending on public health impact (severity of illness and mortality), dissemination potential, public perception, and the easiness of preparation.
What are examples of bioterrorism?
Bioterrorism Diseases
- Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis)
- Botulism (Clostridium botulinum toxin)
- Plague (Yersinia pestis)
- Smallpox (variola major)
- Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)
- Viral hemorrhagic fevers (filoviruses [e.g., Ebola, Marburg] and arenaviruses [e.g., Lassa, Machupo])
What are Peritrichous bacteria?
Medical Definition of peritrichous 1 : having or being flagella which are uniformly distributed over the body peritrichous bacteria. 2 : having a spiral line of modified cilia around the cytostome peritrichous protozoans. Other Words from peritrichous.