What causes EGFR exon 20?
The EGFR exon 20 mutation in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a progressive and genetic disease that can occur regardless of smoking history, with response to conventional chemotherapy tending to be very poor in these populations, said Christopher Arendt, PhD, head of the Oncology Therapeutic Area Unit at Takeda.
What are EGFR targeted therapies?
Therapies targeting EGFR include monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, and antisense gene therapy. Few EGFR-targeted therapeutics are approved for clinical use.
What is EGFR exon 20 mutation?
Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) exon 20 insertion (ex20-ins) mutations are an uncommon and heterogeneous group of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), resistant to conventional EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).
What are EGFR exon 20 insertions?
EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations are heterogeneous at the molecular level but can be characterized as inframe insertions or duplications of between 3 and 21 bp (corresponding to 1 to 7 amino acids) clustered between amino acid positions 762 and 774 of the EGFR protein.
How common is exon 20 insertion mutation?
According to the reports, the frequency of exon 20 insertion mutations in NSCLC ranges from 1–10% (15,16), and 4% is widely reported (12,17). Table 1 summarizes the frequency of EGFR Ex20Ins mutations in patients with NSCLC in some studies.
What is exon 19?
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletion (E19del) is the most common activating mutation in advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and associates with the sensitivity of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) treatment.
What does EGFR exon 19 deletion mean?
Abstract. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletion (E19del) is the most common activating mutation in advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and associates with the sensitivity of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) treatment.
What is an EGFR exon 20 mutation?
Genetic testing is now routine as part of precision treatment because targeted therapies, like Rybrevant (amivantamab-vmjw), can be matched to the specific genetic mutations found in people diagnosed with cancer. What Is an EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutation? The exon 20 insertion mutation is a specific type of mutation in the EGFR gene.
What are the treatment options for exon 20 mutation?
Because the EGFR inhibitors don’t work for people with the exon 20 insertion mutation, chemotherapy usually remained the first-line treatment for people with advanced disease. 4 A targeted therapy drug offers a promising alternative. If your disease is less advanced, surgery and/or radiation therapy may be options too.
Is osimertinib effective for EGFR exon 20 mutation positive non-small cell lung cancer?
Osimertinib treatment for patients with EGFR exon 20 mutation positive non-small cell lung cancer Lung Cancer. 2020 Mar;141:9-13.doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.12.013.
What is the rate of incidence for exon 20 insertion mutations?
The exon 20 insertion mutation occurs in up to 4% of people diagnosed with NSCLC overall. In the subset of those who have mutations in EGFR, about 4 to 12% have this type of mutation. 3 This makes it the third most common type of EGFR mutation. 4