What causes terson syndrome?
Terson syndrome is a known complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) that causes potentially reversible vision loss. It develops after SAH because of vitreous hemorrhage caused by retinal capillary disruption. Case series report an incidence of Terson syndrome in approximately 8%–15% of patients with SAH.
How is terson syndrome treated?
Terson’s Syndrome is managed conservatively by observation for mild cases and with vitrectomy for bilateral cases and for patients whose hemorrhage has not spontaneously resolved after an observational period.
What is terson’s syndrome?
Terson’s syndrome refers to the occurrence of vitreous hemorrhage with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), usually due to a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Although it is a well-described entity in the ophthalmological literature, it has been only rarely commented upon in the neurosurgical discussion of SAH.
How common is terson syndrome?
Terson syndrome has been reported in 8-19.3% of SAH, 9.1% of intracerebral hemorrhages and 3.1% of traumatic brain injury. 5.5% of vitreous hemorrhages not caused by diabetes or trauma are caused by Terson syndrome. Terson syndrome usually occurs in adults, but has been reported in children as young as 7 months.
What is Subhyaloid haemorrhage?
A SUBHYALOID hemorrhage is an intraocular collection of blood that remains contained in a self-created, previously nonexistent space, usually between the posterior limiting layer of the vitreous and the retina.
How long does commotio retina last?
Most cases resolve within 4 weeks of injury although some improvement can continue for up to 6 months. However, some patients can have permanent macular damage with absolute or relative scotoma.
What is Terson’s syndrome?
Terson’s syndrome: a reversible cause of blindness following subarachnoid hemorrhage Terson’s syndrome refers to the occurrence of vitreous hemorrhage with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), usually due to a ruptured cerebral aneurysm.
What are the treatment options for Terson syndrome?
Occupational or rehabilitation necessity for rapidly cleared vision [30] Vitrectomy has been shown to be effective in quickly and safely restoring vision in Terson syndrome, even in cases delayed months after the intracranial hemorrhage. [31] Better outcomes in the setting of Terson syndrome are seen in younger…
Which angiography findings are characteristic of Terson syndrome?
Fluorescein angiography demonstrates a leakage site at the disc margin in a patient with Terson syndrome with vitreous hemorrhage. This may suggest potential damage to the peripapillary retina induced by increased intracranial pressure transmitted through the optic nerve sheath .
How do you diagnose Terson syndrome?
Loss of red reflex is seen in 20% of eyes with Terson syndrome. B-scan may be used to confirm vitreous hemorrhage when no view to the fundus is present (Fig. 4). Diagnosis may be delayed due to inability to dilate pupils due to need for neurologic monitoring.