What do degradative reactions do?
Degradation reactions reduce the number of atoms in a molecule through a specific type of chemical transformation.
What does the preparatory reaction convert?
in the preparatory reaction, two pyruvate molecules are converted to acetyl-groups and CO2. the two-carbon acetyl-groups are then carried into the citric acid cycle in the mitochondrial matrix by a molecule called CoA.
What is the most important contribution of the citric acid cycle to cellular respiration?
The most important contribution of the citric acid cycle to energy metabolism is the extraction of high-energy electrons during the oxidation of acetyl CoA to CO_2. Oxidation of acetyl CoA occurs in the mitochondria, where the carbon atom in acetyl CoA takes two oxygen molecules to form carbon dioxide.
What process produces FADH2?
Answer and Explanation: The process that produces both NADH and FADH2 is the citric acid cycle, the second step in aerobic cellular respiration.
What is acetyl COA and why is it important quizlet?
Used by the citric acid cycle as a fuel. Carbon acetyl groups are converted to CO2 and ATP and electrons (carried by NADH and FADH2) create even MORE electrons.
What structure is responsible for absorbing the solar energy?
In plants, the process of photosynthesis takes place in the mesophyll of the leaves, inside the chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain disc-shaped structures called thylakoids, which contain the pigment chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs certain portions of the visible spectrum and captures energy from sunlight.
What is the preparatory reaction in cellular respiration?
1. Preparatory phase: Energy in glucose cannot be readily released unless energy from ATP if added first. In this phase, 2 ATP are added to the reaction, producing a glucose molecule with two phosphate groups. The phosphate groups make glucose less stable and ready for chemical breakdown.
What role does NAD+ Play in redox reactions?
The NAD+ is used in redox reactions in the cell and acts as a reducing agent. NADH contributes to oxidation in cell processes like glycolysis to help with the oxidation of glucose.
What is the purpose of the citric acid cycle?
The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also known as the Krebs or citric acid cycle, is the main source of energy for cells and an important part of aerobic respiration. The cycle harnesses the available chemical energy of acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) into the reducing power of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH).
Why citric acid cycle is called TCA cycle?
Citric acid is a so-called tricarboxylic acid, containing three carboxyl groups (COOH). Hence the Krebs cycle is sometimes referred to as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.
What is NADH and FADH2?
NADH: High energy electron carrier used to transport electrons generated in Glycolysis and Krebs Cycle to the Electron Transport Chain. FADH2: High energy electron carrier used to transport electrons generated in Glycolysis and Krebs Cycle to the Electron Transport Chain.
What is the meaning of FADH2?
flavin adenine dinucleotide
FADH2 is a flavin adenine dinucleotide. It has a role as an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a FADH2(2-). ChEBI.
What is an anabolic reaction?
Anabolic reactions are those that build complex molecules from simple ones. Cells use these processes to make polymers, grow tissue, and repair damage. For example: Anabolic hormones stimulate anabolic processes.
What is the relationship between catabolism and anabolic reactions?
Typically, anabolic and catabolic reactions are coupled, with catabolism providing the activation energy for anabolism. The hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) powers many anabolic processes. In general, condensation and reduction reactions are the mechanisms behind anabolism.
What is anabolism or biosynthesis?
Anabolism or biosynthesis is the set of biochemical reactions that construct molecules from smaller components. Anabolic reactions are endergonic, meaning they require an input of energy to progress and are not spontaneous. Typically, anabolic and catabolic reactions are coupled, with catabolism providing the activation energy for anabolism.
What is an anabolic pathway?
Anabolic pathways involve the input of energy, which is needed to form chemical bonds between smaller molecules to make macromolecules. Molecules built from anabolism are then used to build structures in the cell, or even to help build new cells.