What is a COX-1 inhibitor?
Cox-1 inhibitor: An agent that inhibits the action of the enzyme cox-1 (cyclooxygenase-1). The common anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen block the action of both cox-1 and cox-2.
What is the role of COX-1?
COX-1 is known to be present in most of the tissues in our bodies. In the gastrointestinal tract, COX-1 maintains the normal lining of the stomach and intestines, protecting the stomach from the digestive juices. 4 The enzyme is also involved in kidney and platelet function.
What are COX-1 and COX-2?
Cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) are key enzymes in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins and other lipid mediators. Because it can be induced by inflammatory stimuli, COX-2 has been classically considered as the most appropriate target for anti-inflammatory drugs.
What is COX drug?
COX-2 inhibitors (such as Celebrex and Bextra) are a type of NSAID and are the most commonly prescribed drugs for arthritis. COX-2 inhibitors are also prescribed for many forms of back pain.
What is COX and LOX?
Cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes mediate the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostanoids and leukotrienes, respectively (Funk, 2001). LTs are important in the pathogenesis of inflammation.
What is the COX-1 enzyme?
The cyclooxygenase isoenzymes, COX-1 and COX-2, catalyze the formation of prostaglandins, thromboxane, and levuloglandins. The prostaglandins are autocoid mediators that affect virtually all known physiological and pathological processes via their reversible interaction with G-protein coupled membrane receptors.
Is ibuprofen a COX-1 or 2 inhibitor?
COX inhibitors divide into non-selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), COX-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (c2s NSAIDs), and aspirin. NSAIDs include ibuprofen, naproxen, ketorolac, and indomethacin.
What are COX-2 inhibitors?
What are Cox-2 inhibitors? Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors are a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that specifically blocks COX-2 enzymes. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (usually abbreviated to NSAIDs) are a group of medicines that relieve pain and fever and reduce inflammation.
What are the side effects of COX 2 inhibitors?
COX-2 inhibitors are more likely to cause side effects when used at higher than recommended dosages for long periods of time. Gastrointestinal side effects that may occur include bloating, diarrhea, constipation, irritation of the lining of the stomach, nausea or vomiting. Headache and dizziness have also been reported with COX-2 inhibitors.
What is the difference between Cox 1 and Cox 2?
The key difference between COX 1 and COX 2 inhibitors is that COX 1 inhibitor is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 enzyme expressed constitutively in most tissues while COX 2 inhibitor is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme expressed in areas of inflammation.
Is naproxen a COX 2 inhibitor?
Naproxen works by reversibly inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes as a non-selective coxib. This results in the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Prostaglandins act as signaling molecules in the body, inducing inflammation. Thus, by inhibiting COX-1/2, naproxen induces an anti-inflammatory effect. Pharmacokinetics
What are the functions of COX enzyme inhibitors?
– AA, arachidonic acid – 2-AG, 2-arachydonoylglycerol – COX, cyclooxygenase – LPS, lipopolysaccharide – NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammmatory drug – PG, prostaglandin – PG-G, prostaglandin gyceryl ester