What is GFAP a marker for?
GFAP antibodies are the most popular marker for astrocytes in neurological studies and along with its breakdown products (BDPs), GFAP has been proposed as a useful candidates for biofluid-based markers for numerous neurological conditions especially during traumatic brain/spinal cord injury and stroke [1].
What cells are GFAP positive?
GFAP-positive progenitor cells produce neurons and oligodendrocytes throughout the CNS. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2006 Apr;31(4):676-84.
What does GFAP measure?
Measurement of the Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Its Breakdown Products GFAP-BDP Biomarker for the Detection of Traumatic Brain Injury Compared to Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
What type of marker is GFAP?
GFAP is a marker of astroglial injury is a type III intermediate filament that forms part of the cytoskeleton of mature astrocytes and other glial cells but is not found outside the CNS.
Is GFAP an antibody?
GFAP antibody itself does not induce pathological changes; it is only a biomarker for the process of immune inflammation. The pathology of GFAP astrocytopathy in humans is heterogeneous.
Does GFAP stain microglia?
As an end product, the NDPase-positive microglial cells were brown and the GFAP-reactive astroglial cells blue. The two types of glial cells were clearly distinguishable in vibratome sections of rat brain tissue and in primary astroglial cell cultures, and we never observed cells that stained for both NDPase and GFAP.
What cell types express GFAP?
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a highly con- served intermediate filament protein expressed in differ- entiated glial cells (1). Originally thought to be expressed specifically in astrocytes, GFAP expression has also been documented in myelin marker-positive glia within the CNS (2).
What causes GFAP?
Currently, the sole known cause of AxD is mutations in the GFAP gene, which encodes a type III intermediate filament protein that is predominantly expressed in astrocytes. A wide spectrum of GFAP mutations comprising point mutations, small insertions, and deletions is associated with the disease.
Do astrocytes express Iba1?
At this time, transition zones in the border separating the microglial and the astrocyte-like cells expressed both microglial (Iba1 and CD11b) and astrocytic (GFAP) markers (Figure 4B). These transition zones were transient because most cells expressed S100β without microglial markers by DIV15.