What is iodine 125 used for in medicine?
Iodine-125 (125I) is a radioisotope of iodine which has uses in biological assays, nuclear medicine imaging and in radiation therapy as brachytherapy to treat a number of conditions, including prostate cancer, uveal melanomas, and brain tumors.
Why is iodine 125 used in radiotherapy?
Interstitial iodine-125 brachytherapy Interstitial implantation of a radioactive source such as iodine-125 is designed to deliver a high radiation dose to a well-defined tumor volume while minimizing the dose to the surrounding normal brain.
Is iodine 131 used in medicine?
Iodine-131 is used to treat some diseases of the thyroid gland. Iodine-131is widely used in imaging the thyroid and in treating thyroid cancer and other abnormal conditions such as hyperthyroidism. It also used to diagnose abnormal liver function, renal (kidney) blood flow and urinary tract obstruction.
When was iodine 125 first used?
In 1981, the first reported US-guided I-125 BT was also performed on pancreatic cancer (8). In other words, the use of seed implant BT in pancreatic cancer has occurred since the earliest phases of seed implant BT development.
How is radioactive iodine used in medicine?
Because of this, radioactive iodine (RAI, also called I-131) can be used to treat thyroid cancer. The RAI collects mainly in thyroid cells, where the radiation can destroy the thyroid gland and any other thyroid cells (including cancer cells) that take up iodine, with little effect on the rest of your body.
What type of radiation is iodine 125?
gamma rays
Iodine-125 is a commonly used radionuclide with a half-life of 60 days, emitting gamma rays with a maximum energy of 0.035 MeV (Million Electron Volts).
Why is iodine 131 harmful to our bodies?
Ingested Iodine-131 is dangerous because it primarily affects the thyroid gland that plays a fundamental role in childhood development. Radioactive iodine toxicity varies greatly with age, with toddlers, young children and adolescents being far more sensitive than adults.
Why is I-123 better than I-131?
Thyroid, Parathyroid, and Salivary Glands The gamma emission of 123I allows excellent imaging (≈80% efficiency for a ½-inch-thick crystal) with low background activity. It provides considerably lower doses of radiation to the thyroid with comparable activity than does 131I.
Is iodine-131 man made?
These radioactive forms include iodine-129 and iodine- 131. Iodine-129 is produced naturally in the upper atmosphere. Iodine-129 and iodine-131 are also produced in nuclear explosions.