What is Mudpiles acronym for?
Back when I was starting out in emergency medicine and toxicology, the differential diagnosis for an increased anion gap was fairly simple. The mnemonic was MUDPILES: Methanol, Uremia, Diabetic ketoacidosis (or alcoholic ketoacidosis,) Paraldehyde, Iron (or Isoniazid,) Lactic acidosis, Ethylene glycol, and Salicylates.
What are the causes of Hagma?
Causes. The most common causes of high anion gap metabolic acidosis are: ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, kidney failure, and toxic ingestions.
What causes elevated anion gap?
High anion gap acidoses are most often due to ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, chronic kidney disease, or certain toxic ingestions. Normal anion gap acidoses are most often due to gastrointestinal or renal HCO 3 − loss.
What does a high anion gap test mean?
What does a high anion gap blood test result mean? If your blood test results show a high anion gap, you may have acidosis. This means you may have a higher-than-normal level of acid in your blood (a lower-than-normal blood pH). Acidosis may be a sign of the following: Dehydration.
How is Nagma treated?
NAGMA fundamentally represents an imbalance between sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate. Treatment therefore may involve addition of sodium bicarbonate and/or removal of sodium chloride.
How do you remember Mudpiles?
The etiologies of an anion gap metabolic acidosis can be remembered by the mnemonic MUDPILES: methanol, uremia, diabetic ketoacidosis, propylene glycol, paraldehyde, iron tablets or isoniazid, lactic acidosis, ethylene glycol, salicylates, or accumulation of organic acids due to an inborn error of metabolism.
How is HAGMA treated?
The most common alkalizing agent is sodium bicarbonate, but sodium and potassium citrate are alternative options. In the event of severe, recalcitrant acidosis, it may be appropriate to treat empirically with alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitors (fomepizole or ethanol) and prepare the patient for emergent hemodialysis.
What cancers cause high anion gap?
The most common cause of which, is multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma is a cancer of a class of white blood cells called plasma cells. Typically, plasma cells help our bodies fight infection. In multiple myeloma, cancerous plasma cells accumulate in the bone marrow and crowd out health blood cells.
How is high anion gap treated?
How is urine Osmolal gap calculated?
What’s the Urine Osmolal Gap? Urine osmolality = 2*Na + K + BUN/2.8 + glucose/18. A urine osmolal gap (UOG) greater than 400 mosom/kg suggests NH4 excretion greater than 200 meq/L (kidney response to acidemia is intact).
What does MUDPILES stand for?
One of the best-known mnemonics in medicine is MUDPILES (for methanol, uremia, diabetic ketoacidosis, propylene glycol, isoniazid, lactic acidosis, ethylene glycol, salicylates), which helps us remember causes of increased anion gap metabolic acidosis. Acronyms browser? Full browser?
What is the new mnemonic for MUDPILES?
GOLD MARK is a new mnemonic recommended to replace MUDPILES for causes of anion-gap metabolic acidosis
What is the difference between MUDPILES and kusmale?
KUSMALE is an alternative to MUDPILES that reminds us of Kussmaul respirations that the patient might have. It stands for Ethylene glycol. Metabolic acidosis 2/2 excessive paraldehyde use has become exceedingly rare.