What is the action of calcium gluconate?
What Is Calcium Gluconate and How Does It Work? Calcium gluconate is the calcium salt of gluconic acid, an intravenous medication used to treat conditions arising from calcium deficiencies such as hypocalcemic tetany, hypocalcemia related to hypoparathyrodism, and hypocalcemia due to rapid growth or pregnancy.
What are the chemical properties of calcium gluconate?
Calcium Gluconate is a white crystalline granule or powder that functions as a firming agent, formulation aid, sequestrant, and sta- bilizer. at room temperature the anhydrous form has a solubility of approximately 1 g in 30 ml of water, which improves in boiling water to approximately 1 g in 5 ml of water.
Why is calcium gluconate given slowly?
General. To avoid undesirable reactions that may follow rapid intravenous administration of calcium gluconate, the drug should be given slowly, e.g., approximately 1.5 mL over a period of one minute.
What is calcium gluconate an antidote for?
Calcium gluconate is used as a cardioprotective agent in high blood potassium. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity.
How does calcium gluconate protect the heart?
Calcium antagonizes the cardiotoxicity of hyperkalemia by stabilizing the cardiac cell membrane against undesirable depolarization.
What happens if you give calcium gluconate too fast?
Rapid injection of calcium gluconate may cause vasodilation decreased blood pressure, bradycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, syncope and cardiac arrest.
How does calcium gluconate stabilize cardiac membrane?
Membrane stabilization: Calcium antagonizes the cardiac effects of hyperkalemia. It raises the cell depolarization threshold and reduces myocardial irritability.
Why use calcium gluconate in hyperkalemia?
Calcium gluconate should be used as a first-line agent in patients with EKG changes or severe hyperkalemia to protect cardiomyocytes. Insulin and glucose combination is the fastest acting drug that shifts potassium into the cells. B-agonists can be used in addition to insulin to decrease plasma potassium levels.
What is calcium gluconate?
More… Calcium Gluconate is the gluconate salt of calcium. An element or mineral necessary for normal nerve, muscle, and cardiac function, calcium as the gluconate salt helps to maintain calcium balance and prevent bone loss when taken orally. This agent may also be chemopreventive for colon and other cancers.
How many milliliters of calcium gluconate are in a 50 mL solution?
Ten milliliters of 10% calcium gluconate in 50 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution is intraarterially infused over 4 h. Although life-threatening envenomations are extremely rare, basic and advanced clinical life support should be employed when necessary.
How do you decompose calcium gluconate?
Calcium gluconate is decomposed by dilute mineral acids into gluconic acid and the calcium salt of the mineral acid used. It is precipitated from its aqueous solution by the addition of alcohol.
What is the toxicity of calcium gluconate given IV?
The relative toxicities of / calcium / lactate, chloride, and gluconate given iv as in the approximate ratios 1:1.3:2. The toxic dose of calcium gluconate given iv in the form of an 8.4% solution is stated to be 18 mg/kg body weight in the dog. Clarke, E.G., and M. L. Clarke.