What is chloral hydrate used for?
Chloral hydrate, a sedative, is used in the short-term treatment of insomnia (to help you fall asleep and stay asleep for a proper rest) and to relieve anxiety and induce sleep before surgery. It is also used after surgery for pain and to treat alcohol withdrawal.
What is another name for chloral hydrate?
Chloral hydrate
Names | |
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Other names Trichloroacetaldehyde monohydrate Tradenames: Aquachloral, Chloradorm, Chloratol, Novo-Chlorhydrate, Somnos, Noctec, Somnote | |
Identifiers | |
CAS Number | 302-17-0 |
3D model (JSmol) | Interactive image |
What is chloral hydrate made of?
Chloral Hydrate is a synthetic monohydrate of chloral with sedative, hypnotic, and anticonvulsive properties. Chloral hydrate is converted to the active compound trichloroethanol by hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase.
What does chloral hydrate look like?
Chloral hydrate occurs as colorless or white, volatile, hygroscopic crystals very soluble in water and in olive oil and freely soluble in alcohol. It has an aromatic, pungent odor and a slightly bitter, caustic taste.
What are the effects of chloral hydrate?
The main side effects are digestive, cardiologic (risk of rhythm disorder), dermatologic, neuropsychiatric (withdrawn, delusions, hallucination, dependence) and ophthalmologic. Death occurs after absorption of doses of around 10 g of hydrate chloral, some cases were reported with 5 g.
Is chloral hydrate still used today?
First developed in 1832, chloral hydrate is the oldest sleep medication still in use today. Other medical uses of the drug are to induce sleep before surgery and to treat post-surgical pain. Chloral hydrate has also been used for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
Can you still buy chloral hydrate?
There are no FDA-approved drug products that contain chloral hydrate. As mentioned above, the firms commercially manufacturing and distributing drug products containing chloral hydrate without FDA-approval voluntarily removed their products from the market in 2012.
What is the origin of chloral hydrate?
Chloral hydrate was discovered through the chlorination of ethanol in 1832 by Justus von Liebig in Gießen. Its sedative properties were first published in 1869 and subsequently, because of its easy synthesis, it was widely used. It was widely abused and misprescribed in the late nineteenth century.
Who created chloral hydrate?
Synthesised by Justin Liebig in 1832 chloral hydrate is one of the oldest synthetic agents. Since 1869 it has been in use for hypnotic or sedative purposes. Chloral hydrate was used a lot from the end of the 19th century to the middle of the 20th century.
What is a Mickey?
In slang, a Mickey Finn (or simply a Mickey) is a drink laced with a psychoactive drug or incapacitating agent (especially chloral hydrate) given to someone without their knowledge, with the intent to incapacitate them. Serving someone a “Mickey” is most commonly referred to as “slipping someone a mickey”.
What is the drug slipped a mickey?
A Mickey Finn (or simply Mickey) is a slang term for a drink laced with a drug (especially chloral hydrate) given to someone without their knowledge in order to incapacitate them. Serving someone a Mickey Finn is most commonly referred to as slipping a mickey, sometimes spelled “slipping a mickie”.
What is the meaning of chloral hydrate?
Definition of chloral hydrate. : a bitter white crystalline drug C 2H 3Cl 3O 2 used as a hypnotic and sedative or in knockout drops.
Is chloral hydrate an analgesic or hypnotic?
Through experimentation physiologist Claude Bernard clarified that the chloral hydrate was hypnotic as opposed to an analgesic. It was the first of a long line of sedatives, most notably the barbiturates, manufactured and marketed by the German pharmaceutical industry.
How does chloral hydrate affect the environment?
Chloral hydrate’s production in organic synthesis and use as a sedative may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 15 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates chloral hydrate will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere.
What is the role of chloral hydrate in the treatment of dysrhythmias?
Chloral hydrate is a halogenated hydrocarbon and inhibits potassium channels in the myocardium and prolongs ventricular repolarization. This results in a prolonged QTc interval on ECG and subsequent, persistent ventricular dysrhythmias. Beta-receptor adrenergic antagonists are the treatment of choice for the ventricular dysrhythmias.