What is retinal pigment Epitheliopathy?
Epitheliopathy or acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) refers to an acquired inflammatory illness affecting the retinal pigment epithelium. It can affect one or both eyes, and is characterized by multiple yellowish white or light-colored lesions that form in the retina.
What does pigment on the retina mean?
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of rare eye diseases that affect the retina (the light-sensitive layer of tissue in the back of the eye). RP makes cells in the retina break down slowly over time, causing vision loss. RP is a genetic disease that people are born with.
What is RP that causes blindness?
Blindness: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) causes vision loss that worsens over time. Some people may eventually become blind, although this is rare. Cataracts: Patients with RP often develop a type of cataract called subcapsular cataracts. When this occurs, the lens becomes cloudy and vision is impaired.
What is white dot syndrome?
The white dot syndromes are a group of inflammatory chorioretinopathies of unknown etiology which have in common a unique and characteristic appearance of multiple yellow-white lesions affecting multiple layers of the retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), choriocapillaris, and the choroid.
What is Pachychoroid pigment Epitheliopathy?
Conclusion: Pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy falls within a spectrum of diseases associated with choroidal thickening that includes central serous chorioretinopathy and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, and it should be suspected in eyes with a characteristic fundus appearance related to choroidal thickening and …
What is relentless Placoid Chorioretinitis?
Relentless Placoid Chorioretinitis (RPC), also known as Ampiginous Choroiditis, is a rare, bilateral disease of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid that is considered an atypical variant of serpiginous choroiditis (SC) and acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE).
What does Va stand for in ophthalmology?
VA – Visual acuity. VF – Visual field. Vit – Vitreous. x – Exophoria at distance. XT – Exotropia at distance.
Is Chrpe hereditary?
CHRPE positive individuals present a 100% chance of having the genetic mutation [2]. Intra-familial variation of CHRPE gene expression is possible, indicating that negative fundoscopy individuals belonging to CHRPE positive families should not be excluded from the colonoscopic screening and or genetic analysis.
Is RP hereditary?
Since RP is an inherited disorder, it can potentially affect another member of the family. With retinal cells being among the most specialized cells in the human body, they depend on a number of unique genes to create vision. A disease-causing mutation in any one of these genes can lead to vision loss.
How is the family of a person with retinitis pigmentosa affected?
Retinitis pigmentosa often has an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern , which means one copy of an altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. Most people with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa have an affected parent and other family members with the disorder.
Is white dot syndrome hereditary?
There are yellow-white placoid lesions in the posterior pole at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium. Some suggest a genetic predisposition to the disease, while others postulate an abnormal immune response to a virus.
What causes white spots on retina?
The white spots (called “drusen”) are deposits of metabolism of the retinal cells. The metabolism weakens as a process of aging and macular cells become damaged. The macula is the part of the retina that is responsible for central fine vision. The retina is the part of the back of the eye that one sees with.
What is epitheliopathy?
What is Epitheliopathy? Epitheliopathy or acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) refers to an acquired inflammatory illness affecting the retinal pigment epithelium. It can affect one or both eyes, and is characterized by multiple yellowish white or light-colored lesions that form in the retina.
What is the pathophysiology of retinopathy?
Destruction of retinal pigment epithelium, migration of black pigment, extreme narrowing of retinal vessels, optic disc pallor. Usually caused by hereditary disorders (“retinitis pigmentosa”), rarely by paraneoplastic or other autoimmune disorders, intra-uterine inflammatory, and acquired toxic-metabolic-neurodegenerative disorders.
What is the pigmented layer of the retina?
The pigmented layer of retina or retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE) is the pigmented cell layer just outside the neurosensory retina that nourishes retinal visual cells, and is firmly attached to the underlying choroid and overlying retinal visual cells.
What is retinal epithelial transport?
Epithelial transport: As mentioned above, RPE compose the outer blood–retinal barrier, the epithelia has tight junctions between the lateral surfaces and implies an isolation of the inner retina from the systemic influences.