What is the pathophysiology of APSGN?
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) results from an antecedent infection of the skin (impetigo) or throat (pharyngitis) caused by nephritogenic strains of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci.
What is Crescentic IGA nephropathy?
Crescentic IgAN, usually defined as the presence of crescents in over 50% of the glomeruli, is a rare phenotype, and it often presents as rapidly progressively kidney failure. 2,6. Crescentic IgAN affects only a minority of IgAN patients and has not been widely investigated, except in a few small studies.
How does acute Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis occur?
PSGN is a kidney disease that can develop after infections caused by bacteria called group A Streptococcus (group A strep). These infections include throat and skin infections like strep throat, scarlet fever, and impetigo. PSGN is not a group A strep infection of the kidneys.
What are common clinical manifestations of acute Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis?
Clinical Features Edema (often pronounced facial and orbital edema, especially on arising in the morning) Hypertension. Proteinuria. Macroscopic hematuria, with urine appearing dark, reddish-brown.
What key structures are damaged in glomerulonephritis?
The urine passes from the kidney to the bladder through a tube called the ureter and then leaves the body through urination. When these filters become inflamed, the individual has glomerulonephritis. The damage caused by glomerulonephritis reduces the ability of the kidneys to filter blood properly.
What is membranous glomerulonephritis with crescents (MGN)?
Membranous Glomerulonephritis With Crescents MGN with crescents associated with ANCAs or anti-GBM antibodies is a rare dual glomerulopathy. Patients present with heavy proteinuria, microscopic hematuria, and acute kidney injury and should be treated for a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Prognosis is variable, and 40% of patients progre …
What is crescentic glomerulonephritis (RPGN)?
Crescentic glomerulonephritis is characterized by the presence of extensive glomerular crescents (usually greater than 50%) as the principal histologic finding. Because it often clinically presents with a rapid decline in kidney function, it is also known as rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN). It can complicate any glomerular disease.
What are crescents in glomerular disease?
Crescents are lesions that indicate severe glomerular injury, but they do not denote the disease itself. While some diseases are more likely to cause crescents than others, crescents can occasionally be seen with almost any GN.
What is “rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis” (GN)?
Misuse of the term “rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis” contributes to the common misperception that “crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN)” is an independent disease entity with 3 different “types.”