What kind of enzyme is ribonucleotide reductase?
Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is a key enzyme that mediates the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides, the DNA precursors, for DNA synthesis in every living cell. This enzyme converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides, the building blocks for DNA replication, and repair.
What are the substrates for ribonucleotide reductase?
Class I ribonucleotide reductase (RR) maintains balanced pools of deoxyribonucleotide substrates for DNA replication by converting ribonucleoside diphosphates (NDPs) to 2′-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates (dNDPs).
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of deoxyribonucleotides from ribonucleotide?
Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR)
Abstract. Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is the enzyme responsible for the conversion of ribonucleotides to 2′-deoxyribonucleotides and thereby provides the precursors needed for both synthesis and repair of DNA.
Is ribonucleotide reductase an allosteric enzyme?
Ribonucleotide reductases (RRs) form a family of allosterically regulated enzymes that catalyze the conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides and are essential for de novo DNA biosynthesis.
Which compound is actively involved in mechanism of action of ribonucleotide reductase?
The reaction mechanism of RNR. Subsequently, the reaction involves the elimination of one water molecule from carbon C-2′ of the ribonucleotide, catalyzed by Cys225 and Glu441.
Is ribonucleotide a compound?
In biochemistry, a ribonucleotide is a nucleotide containing ribose as its pentose component. It is considered a molecular precursor of nucleic acids. Nucleotides are the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA….General structure.
Nucleotide | Symbols | Nucleoside |
---|---|---|
Cytidylate (cytidine 5′-monophosphate) | C, CMP | Cytidine |
What are the functions of nucleoside kinases?
Nucleoside-diphosphate kinases (NDPKs, also NDP kinase, (poly)nucleotide kinases and nucleoside diphosphokinases) are enzymes that catalyze the exchange of terminal phosphate between different nucleoside diphosphates (NDP) and triphosphates (NTP) in a reversible manner to produce nucleotide triphosphates.
What are the elements of ribonucleotide?
The general structure of a ribonucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a ribose sugar group, and a nucleobase, in which the nucleobase can either be adenine, guanine, cytosine, or uracil. Without the phosphate group, the composition of the nucleobase and sugar is known as a nucleoside.
What is the role of ribonucleotide reductase enzymes?
Ribonucleotide reductases catalyze the conversion of nucleotides to deoxynucleotides in all organisms. The prominent role of these enzymes in nucleotide metabolism has made them attractive targets of antiviral and antitumor therapies.
What is the alternative aerobic ribonucleotide reductase (nrdef)?
Martin, J. E., and Imlay, J. A. (2011). The alternative aerobic ribonucleotide reductase of Escherichia coli, NrdEF, is a manganese-dependent enzyme that enables cell replication during periods of iron starvation. Mol. Microbiol. 80, 319–334. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07593.x
Can a small molecule block ribonucleotide reductase holoenzyme formation?
A small-molecule blocking ribonucleotide reductase holoenzyme formation inhibits cancer cell growth and overcomes drug resistance. Cancer Res. 73, 6484–6493. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-1094
What is the shape of ribonucleotide reductase protein R1E?
Crystallographic structure of the ribonucleotide reductase protein R1E from S. typhimurium. The protein is rainbow colored ( N-terminus = blue, C-terminus = red) while dATP is depicted as sticks and a complexed magnesium ion as a grey sphere.