What is Nitroguanidine used for?

Nitroguanidine is in use since the 1930s as an ingredient in triple-base gun propellants in which it reduces flame temperature, muzzle flash and erosion of the gun barrel but preserves chamber pressure due to high nitrogen content.

How do you make Nitroguanidine?

Nitroguanidine can be prepared by the nitration of guanidine salts by means of nitric acid,1 or by the action of concentrated sulfuric acid, or fuming nitric acid upon guanidine nitrate.

What is the molar mass of RDX?

222.12 g/molRDX / Molar mass

Who discovered Nitroguanidine?

Guanidine was discovered in nature in the late 19th century. In 1907, a German patent was awarded to Italian chemist Celso Ulpiani for the reaction of dicyanamide with strong acid to produce guanidine (actually, guanidinium) nitrate….Guanidine fast facts.

Who invented nitrocellulose?

chemist Paul Vieille
The first practical smokeless powder made from nitrocellulose, for firearms and artillery ammunition, was invented by French chemist Paul Vieille in 1884. Jules Verne viewed the development of guncotton with optimism. He referred to the substance several times in his novels.

What is the composition of black powder?

Black powder consists of a fuel (charcoal), an oxidizer (saltpeter or niter), and a stabilizer (sulfur) to allow for a constant reaction. The reaction would be slow, like a wood fire, if not for the oxidizing agent. Carbon in a fire must draw oxygen from the air, but the saltpeter in gunpowder provides the oxygen.

What does RDX stand for?

Royal Demolition Explosive
RDX stands for Royal Demolition Explosive, also known as cyclonite, hexogen, and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine. White crystalline solid. RDX is an explosive on its own, and can be combined with other ingredients to make plastic explosives (C-4 contains 91% RDX).

What is the full form of RDX and TNT?

Among different forms of chemical explosives, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro- 1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) are most common.

What are the other names of nitrocellulose?

nitrocellulose, also called cellulose nitrate, a mixture of nitric esters of cellulose, and a highly flammable compound that is the main ingredient of modern gunpowder and is also employed in certain lacquers and paints.

Is nitrocellulose a low explosive?

Low explosives, such as black powder and nitrocellulose, undergo relatively slow autocombustion when set off and evolve large volumes of gas in a definite and controllable manner. Many different types of explosives are manufactured.

Can gunpowder burn without oxygen?

Fires can’t burn in the oxygen-free vacuum of space, but guns can shoot. Modern ammunition contains its own oxidizer, a chemical that will trigger the explosion of gunpowder, and thus the firing of a bullet, wherever you are in the universe. No atmospheric oxygen required.

Where can I find potassium nitrate?

Potassium nitrate occurs as crusts on the surface of the Earth, on walls and rocks, and in caves; and it forms in certain soils in Spain, Italy, Egypt, Iran, and India. The deposits in the great limestone caves of Kentucky, Virginia, and Indiana have probably…

What is the melting point of nitroguanidine?

?) Nitroguanidine – abbreviated NGu or NQ- is a colorless, crystalline solid that melts at 257 °C and decomposes at 254 °C. NGu is an extremely insensitive but powerful high explosive.

What is the explosive decomposition of nitroguanidine?

Nitroguanidine’s explosive decomposition is given by the following equation: H 4 N 4 CO 2 (s) → 2 H 2 O (g) + 2 N 2 (g) + C (s) Nitroguanidine derivatives are used as insecticides, having a comparable effect to nicotine. Derivatives include clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam .

Is nitroguanidine a derivative of nitroimine?

The nitrosoylated derivative nitrosoguanidine is often used to mutagenize bacterial cells for biochemical studies. Following several decades of debate, it could be confirmed by NMR-spectroscopy, X-ray and neutron diffraction that nitroguanidine exclusively exists as the nitroimine tautomer both in solid state and solution.

Is nitroguanidine a solid liquid or gas?

?) Nitroguanidine – abbreviated NGu or NQ- is a colorless, crystalline solid that melts at 257 °C and decomposes at 254 °C. NGu is an extremely insensitive but powerful high explosive. Wetting NGu with > 20 wt.-% water effects desensitization from HD 1.1 down to HD 4.1 (flammable solid).